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Morpholin

Morpholine Struktur
110-91-8
CAS-Nr.
110-91-8
Bezeichnung:
Morpholin
Englisch Name:
Morpholine
Synonyma:
MORPHOLIN;1,4-Oxazinan;TETRAHYDRO-1,4-OXAZINE;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;basf238;NA 2054;BASF 238;Drewamine;Morphorin;Morpholine
CBNumber:
CB9241419
Summenformel:
C4H9NO
Molgewicht:
87.12
MOL-Datei:
110-91-8.mol

Morpholin Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
-7--5 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt:
126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Dichte
0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Dampfdichte
3 (vs air)
Dampfdruck
31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Brechungsindex
n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Flammpunkt:
96 °F
storage temp. 
Store below +30°C.
L?slichkeit
water: miscible
pka
8.33(at 25℃)
Aggregatzustand
Liquid
Wichte
0.996
Farbe
APHA: ≤15
PH
11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
Geruch (Odor)
Characteristic amine-like odor
Explosionsgrenze
1.4-15.2%(V)
Wasserl?slichkeit
MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint 
-4.9℃
Sensitive 
Hygroscopic
Merck 
14,6277
BRN 
102549
Expositionsgrenzwerte
TLV-TWA 20 ppm (~70 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL skin 30 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm.
Dielectric constant
7.3(25℃)
Stabilit?t:
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey
YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
-0.860
CAS Datenbank
110-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC
3 (Vol. 47, 71) 1999
NIST chemische Informationen
Morpholine(110-91-8)
EPA chemische Informationen
Morpholine (110-91-8)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserkl?rung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gef?hrlicher C
R-S?tze: 10-20/21/22-34
S-S?tze: 23-36-45
RIDADR  UN 2054 8/PG 1
OEB A
OEL TWA: 20 ppm (70 mg/m3), STEL: 30 ppm (105 mg/m3) [skin]
WGK Germany  3
RTECS-Nr. QD6475000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur 590 °F
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  2934 99 90
HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  I
Giftige Stoffe Daten 110-91-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizit?t LD50 orally in female rats: 1.05 g/kg (Smyth)
IDLA 1,400 ppm [10% LEL]
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H226 Flüssigkeit und Dampf entzündbar. Entzündbare Flüssigkeiten Kategorie 3 Warnung
H311 Giftig bei Hautkontakt. Akute Toxizit?t dermal Kategorie 3 Achtung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS06.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P280, P302+P352, P312, P322, P361,P363, P405, P501
H314 Verursacht schwere Ver?tzungen der Haut und schwere Augensch?den. ?tzwirkung auf die Haut Kategorie 1B Achtung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS05.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P260,P264, P280, P301+P330+ P331,P303+P361+P353, P363, P304+P340,P310, P321, P305+ P351+P338, P405,P501
Sicherheit
P210 Von Hitze, hei?en Oberfl?chen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.
P280 Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.
P301+P312 BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Bei Unwohlsein GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.
P303+P361+P353 BEI BERüHRUNG MIT DER HAUT (oder dem Haar): Alle kontaminierten Kleidungsstücke sofort ausziehen. Haut mit Wasser abwaschen oder duschen.
P305+P351+P338 BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach M?glichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Morpholin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

FARBLOSE HYGROSKOPISCHE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche (Stickstoffoxide, Kohlenmonoxid). Mittelstarke Base. Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuergefahr. Greift Kunststoffe, Gummi und Beschichtungen an. Instabil bei Lagerung in Kupfer- oder Zinkbeh?ltern.

ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

TLV: 20 ppm (als TWA); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 10 ppm, 36 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(2); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D; (DFG 2006).
EG Arbeitsplatz-Richtgrenzwerte: 36 mg/m? 10 ppm (als TWA); 72 mg/m? 20 ppm (als STEL); (EG 2006)

AUFNAHMEWEGE

Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.

INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz ver?tzt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. ?tzend beim Verschlucken. Inhalation der Substanz kann zu Lungen?dem führen (s.Anm.).

WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf Leberund Nieren.

LECKAGE

Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit m?glichst in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabh?ngigem Atemschutzger?t.

R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:

R10:Entzündlich.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R34:Verursacht Ver?tzungen.

S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:

S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).

Aussehen Eigenschaften

C4H9ON; Tetrahydrooxazin. Farblose Flüssigkeit mit aminartigem Geruch.

Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt

Verursacht Verätzungen. Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken, Einatmen und Berührung mit der Haut.
Nicht mit Säureanhydriden, Säurechloriden und Säuren in Berührung bringen.
Entzündlich.
LD50 (oral, Ratte): 1450 mg/kg

Schutzma?nahmen und Verhaltensregeln

Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz.

Verhalten im Gefahrfall

Persönliche Maßnahmen: Dämpfe nicht einatmen.
Mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen
Kohlendioxid, Pulver.
Brennbar. Im Brandfall werden gefährliche Gase freigesetzt. Mit Luft Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische möglich.

Erste Hilfe

Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 15 Minuten ausspülen. Sofort Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft. Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Verschlucken: Mund mit reichlich Wasser ausspülen. Sofort Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag

Sachgerechte Entsorgung

Als halogenfreie, organische Lösemittelabfälle.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Morpholine is a colorless to yellow liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor. The odor threshold is 0.01 ppm. The reactivity of morpholine is mainly due to its secondary amine group. It readily undergoes organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations, resulting in the formation of various N-substituted morpholine compounds. Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring (Texaco Chemical Co. 1982).

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Colorless, mobile, oily, hygroscopic, flammable liquid with a weak ammonia-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 40 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 25 μg/m3 (70 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). Forms explosive vapors at temperatures >35 °C.

Verwenden

Morpholine is made by dehydrating ethanolamines. Its main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires. This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards. Morpholine is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.

Vorbereitung Methode

Morpholine is produced by reacting diethylene glycol, ammonia, and a small amount of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst at 150-400°C and 30-400 atmospheres with the morpholine being recovered by fractional distillation. Various byproducts include 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol and Af-alkylmorpholines (NRC 1981).

Allgemeine Beschreibung

An aqueous solution with a fishlike odor. Corrosive to tissue and moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Reaktivit?t anzeigen

MORPHOLINE dissolved in water neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Hazard

Flammable, moderate fire risk. Toxic byingestion and inhalation, irritant to skin, absorbedby skin. Eye damage and upper respiratory tractirritant. Questionable carcinogen.

Health Hazard

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. Morpholine is readily absorbed through the skin; it causes nasal irritation when inhaled, with coughing, bronchial irritation, and pulmonary edema at increasingly higher concentrations. Upon ingestion, it causes hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract, with possible diarrhea; liver and kidney damage may occur if sufficient amounts are ingested or inhaled. Morpholine itself is not a carcinogen on the basis of available data.

Brandgefahr

Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Industrielle Verwendung

The total industrial consumption of morpholine is 11,000 metric tons/year. The largest usage for morpholine (33%) is in the rubber industry as an intermediate in the production of delayed-action accelerators for the polymerization of rubber, as stabilizers against heat-aging effects, and as bloom inhibitors in butyl rubber vulcanization. A second large proportion (25%) of morpholine production is used as an inhibitor to combat carbonic acid corrosion in condensate return lines of steam boiler systems. Morpholine is an intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners utilized by the soap and detergent industry. Morpholine reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry. N-methyl morpholine and TV-ethyl morpholine are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams. Morpholine derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils. Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners (Mjos 1978; NRC 1981; Texaco Chemical Co. 1982).

Sicherheitsprofil

Moderately toxic by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Can cause kidney damage. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Flammable liquid. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to flame, heat, or oxidizers; can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. Mixtures with nitromethane are explosive. May ignite spontaneously in contact with cellulose nitrate of high surface area. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx.

Toxikologie

Common signs of toxicity following repeated dosing are local irritation and inflammations of the stomach, respiratory tract, and eyes, as well as systemic effects primarily on the liver and kidneys. In rats, exposure to 250 mL/m3 (890 mg kg-1 d-1, 6 h/d, 5 d/week, 90 d)  and to up to 150 mL/m3 (543 mg/m3, 6 h/d, 5 d/week, 104 weeks) produced focal erosions and squamous-cell metaplasia of the nasal cavities and turbinates and ocular irritation, but no hematological or organ effects; at 90 mg/m3 (25 mL/m3, subchronic) and 36 mg/m3 (10 mL/m3, chronic), no treatment-related effects at all were identified. These data may be taken as NOAELs, although one earlier Russian publication claimed that some adverse effects were conspicuous on the spleen and in the red and white blood counts in rats and guinea pigs after four-month inhalation of 70 mg/m3 and less.

m?gliche Exposition

Morpholine is used as a separating agent for volatile amines; an intermediate for textile lubricants; in the synthesis of rubber accelerators and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a solvent; as a boiler water additive; and in the formulation of waxes, polishers and cleaners.

Carcinogenicity

Morpholine did not produce an increase in tumors in rats that inhaled from 10 to 150 ppm for 2 years. No tumors were seen in rats fed 5000 ppm morpholine for 8 weeks and observed for their lifetime. Morpholine fed concurrently with sodium nitrate increased the numbers of hepatocellular carcinomas and sarcomas of the liver and lungs of rats and mice, probably mediated through the formation of N-nitrosomorpholine. The authors concluded that morpholine itself was either weakly carcinogenic or that a nitrate from an unknown source was present. No cancers were produced when 6330 ppm morpholine was added to the drinking water of mice for their lifetimes. Concurrent exposure of morpholine plus nitrite or nitrogen dioxide increased the tumor incidence in a variety of species. In a feeding study where morpholine (0.5% in diet) and sodium nitrate were given concurrently for 23 weeks, rats showed no evidence of cancer.

Environmental Fate

Biological. Heukelekian and Rand (1955) reported a 5-d BOD value of 0.0 g/g which is 0.0% of the ThOD value of 1.84 g/g.
Poupin et al. (1998) isolated a Mycobacterium strain RP1 from a contaminated activated sludge that utilized morpholine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. The investigators proposed the following degradation pathway: 2-hydroxymorpholine → (2-(2-aminoethoxy)acetaldehyde → 2-(2-aminoethoxy)acetate → glycolate and ethanolamine.
Chemical/Physical. In an aqueous solution, chloramine reacted with morpholine to form Nchloromorpholine (Isaac and Morris, 1983). The aqueous reaction of nitrogen dioxide (1–99 ppm) and morpholine yielded N-nitromorpholine (Cooney et al., 1987).
Slowly decomposes in the absence of oxygen.

Stoffwechsel

Early reports indicated that morpholine was excreted unchanged after administration to rats (Tanaka et al 1978), dogs (Rhodes and Case 1977), and rabbits (Van Stee et al 1981). Sohn et al (1982b, 1982c) reported that approximately 80% of a radioactive dose was excreted in the urine within 24 h when administered intraperitoneally to rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs. Although 99% of the excreted dose was unmetabolized in the rat and hamster, 20% of the dose appeared in the urine of guinea pigs as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide. N-Hydroxymorpholine and N-methylmorpholine were also detected in extracts of guinea pig tissues. Studies of the metabolism of morpholine-containing pharmaceutical agents in humans and animals indicate that the morpholine moiety may be hydroxylated or oxidized at C2 and C3, with subsequent ring cleavage (Oelschlager and Al Shaik 1985).

Versand/Shipping

UN2054 Morpholine, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 3-Flammable liquid.

l?uterung methode

Dry morpholine with KOH, fractionally distil it, then reflux it with Na, and again fractionally distil it. Dermer & Dermer [J Am Chem Soc 59 1148 1937] precipitated it as the oxalate by adding slowly to slightly more than 1 molar equivalent of oxalic acid in EtOH. The precipitate is filtered off and recrystallised twice from 60% EtOH [1:1 salt has m 190-195o(dec)]. Addition of the oxalate to concentrated aqueous NaOH regenerated the base, which is separated and dried with solid KOH, then sodium, before being fractionally distilled. The hydrochloride has m 178-179o (from MeOH/Et2O), and the picrate has m 151.6o (from aqueous EtOH). [Beilstein 27 II 3, 27 III/IV 15.]

Inkompatibilit?ten

Strong acids, strong oxidizers; metals, nitro compounds. Corrosive to metals; attacks copper and its compounds.

Waste disposal

Controlled incineration (incinerator equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions).

Morpholin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Morpholin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb H?ndler.

Global( 746)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Xiamen AmoyChem Co., Ltd
+86-86-5926051114 +8618959220845
sales@amoychem.com China 6383 58
Dideu Industries Group Limited
+86-29-89586680 +86-15129568250
1026@dideu.com China 22784 58
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
+86-0551-65418684 +8618949823763
sales@tnjchem.com China 25356 58
Jinan Chengyuan Chemical Co. , Ltd.
+86-0531-88274992 +8615552568189
2408152070@qq.com China 10 58
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+undefined+86-13961572207
David@un-wencheng.com China 124 58
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+8615531157085
abby@weibangbio.com China 8810 58
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sales@hbmojin.com China 12835 58
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110-91-8(Morpholin)Verwandte Suche:


  • 1,4-oxazine,tetrahydro-
  • 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
  • 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
  • BASF 238
  • basf238
  • Diethylenimide oxide
  • diethylenimideoxide
  • tetrahydro-4h-4-oxazine
  • tetrahydro-p-isoxazin
  • Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
  • AKOS BBS-00003660
  • LABOTEST-BB LTBB000400
  • DIETHYLENEIMIDE OXIDE
  • DIETHYLENE OXIMIDE
  • DIETHYLENE IMIDOXIDE
  • MORPHOLINE ON RASTA RESIN
  • TETRAHYDRO-P-OXAZINE
  • TETRAHYDRO-2H-1,4-OXAZINE
  • Morpholine, for analysis ACS
  • Tetrahydroparaoxazine
  • Morpholine,99+%,for analysis ACS
  • Morpholine ,98% [for analysis ACS]
  • Morpholine,Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
  • MORPHOLINE, REAG
  • MORPHOLINE, PRACT
  • Morpholine (B)
  • Morpholine, extra pure, 99+% 1LT
  • Morpholine, extra pure, 99+% 5ML
  • Morpholine, for analysis ACS, 99+% 5GR
  • Morpholine, 99.5%, purified by redistillation, AcroSeal
  • MORPHOLINE FOR SYNTHESIS
  • Morpholine
  • Morpholine, Acs Min
  • Diethylene imidoxide, Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, 1,4-Oxazinane
  • Morpholine, ACS reagent
  • Morpholine purified by redistillation, >=99.5%
  • Morpholine ACS reagent, >=99.0%
  • Morpholine ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
  • Drewamine
  • morpholine,aqueousmixture,[corrosivelabel]
  • morpholine,aqueousmixture,[flammableliquidlabel]
  • NA 2054
  • p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
  • Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
  • Tetrahydro-1,4-oxadine
  • Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin
  • tetrahydro-2h-4-oxazine
  • tetrahydro-4h-1,4-oxazine
  • Morpholine 99+ %
  • morpholine sigmaultra
  • MORPHOLINE, STANDARD FOR GC
  • MORPHOLINE 99+% A.C.S. REAGENT
  • MORPHOLINE, ACS
  • MORPHOLINE, REDISTILLED, 99.5+%
  • MORPHOLINE REAGENTPLUS(TM) >=99%
  • MORPHOLINE, REAGENTPLUS, >=99%
  • MORPHOLINE PESTANAL, 250 MG
  • MORPHOLINE GC STANDARD
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