Acetylchlorid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE RAUCHENDE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT STECHENDEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die D?mpfe sind schwerer als Luft und k?nnen sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung m?glich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen und Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ?tzender Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0163) und Phosgen (s. ICSC 0007). Reagiert sehr heftig mit Wasser, Alkoholen, S?uren, Basen, bestimmten pulverf?rmigen Metallen und vielen anderen Verbindungen. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift viele Metalle in Gegenwart von Wasser an. Hydrolyseprodukte in Wasser sind u.a. ?tzende Salzs?ure und Essigs?ure.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Der Dampf reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Die Substanz ver?tzt die Augen und die Haut. ?tzend beim Verschlucken. Inhalation des Dampfes kann zu Lungen?dem führen (s. Anm.). Exposition kann zu Bewusstlosigkeit führen. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verz?gert ein. ?rztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen. Risiko der Lungensch?digung bei Inhalation hoher Dampfkonzentrationen.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabh?ngigem Atemschutzger?t.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R14:Reagiert heftig mit Wasser.
R34:Verursacht Ver?tzungen.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Beh?lter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S1/2:Unter Verschluss und für Kinder unzug?nglich aufbewahren.
Beschreibung
Acetic chloride is a colourless to light yellow liquid with a pungent and choking
odour. Acetic chloride is highly flammable and reacts violently with DMSO, water, lower
alcohols, and amines to generate toxic fumes. Along with air, acetic chloride may form an
explosive mixture. It is incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, strong bases, strong oxidising
agents, and most common metals. On decomposition when heated, acetic chloride
produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and phosgene.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Acetyl chloride is a highly flammable, colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor
Verwenden
Acetyl chloride acts as a reagent for the preparation of esters and amides of acetic acid. It is also useful an important reactant in Friedel-Crafts reactions as well as the introduction of an acetyl group. It serves as a starting material in the production of pharmaceutical, new plating complexing agent, acylation agent and synthetic organic intermediates.
Definition
A liquid acyl chloride
used as an acetylating agent.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Density 9.2 lb / gal. Flash point 40°F. Vapor, which is heavier than air, irritates the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Acetyl chloride, CH30CCI, can be prepared by treatment ofacetic acid with various reagents, such as PCl3 SOCl2 or COCI2. It can be prepared by chlorination of acetic anhydride in several different ways, by reaction of methyl chloride with carbon monoxide in the presence of catalysts, by reaction ofketene with HCI, or by partial hydrolysis of 1, 1, l-trichloroethane, Acetyl chloride hydrolyzes in the presence of water to give acetic acid. It reacts with ammonia and amines to give acetamides. Reaction with alcohols gives the corresponding acetate esters. Acetyl chloride will add across unsaturated bonds in the presence ofsuitable catalysts to give halogenated ketones.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Acetyl chloride reacts violently with water, steam, methanol or ethanol to form hydrogen chloride and acetic acid. Reacts vigorously with bases, both organic and inorganic. Incompatible with oxidizing agents and alcohols. Produces highly toxic fumes of phosgene gas and chlorine when heated to decomposition [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 35]. Reaction in a confined space with even a small amount of water may cause a violent eruption of gases [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 281]. Vapor forms an explosive mixture with air [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, 1978, p. 162]. Polymerization reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide is particularly violent [Buckley, A., J. Chem. Ed., 1965, 42, p. 674]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].
Health Hazard
Vapor irritates mucous membranes. Ingestion of liquid or contact with eyes or skin causes severe irritation.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A human systemic irritant by inhalation. Violent hydrolysis reaction with water or steam produces heat, acetic acid, HCl, and other corrosive chlorides. May decompose during preparation. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Explosion hazard by spontaneous chemical reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol. Also incompatible with Pcb. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of phosgene and Cl-. To fight fire, use CO2 or dry chemical. See also CHLORIDES
m?gliche Exposition
Acetyl chloride is used in organic synthesis as an acetylating agent and in testing for water and/ or cholesterol in organic liquids, in the pharmaceutical industry and in pesticide manufacture.
Lager
Acetic chloride should be stored in a segregated and approved area, away from incompatibles
such as oxidizing agents, alkalis and moisture. The container of acetic chloride should
be kept in a cool, well-ventilated area, tightly sealed until ready for use. Users should avoid
all possible sources of ignition, i.e., spark or flames.
Versand/Shipping
UN1717 Acetyl chloride, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 8-Corrosive material
l?uterung methode
Reflux acetyl chloride with PCl5 for several hours to remove traces of acetic acid, then distil it. Redistil it from one-tenth its volume of dimethylaniline or quinoline to remove free HCl. A.R. quality is freed from HCl by pumping it for 1hour at -78o and distilling it into a trap at -196o. [Beilstein 2 IV 395.] LACHRYMATORY.
Inkompatibilit?ten
ticide manufacture. Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with moisture, steam, water, alcohols, dimethylsulfoxide, strong bases; phosphorus trichloride; oxidizers, and amines, since violent reactions may occur. Keep away from heat, fire, and welding operations.
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. May be mixed slowly with sodium bicarbonate solution and then flushed to sewer with large volumes of water. May also be incinerated.
Acetylchlorid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
4'-BROMO-2'-METHYLACETANILIDE
2-ACETYL-3-CHLOROTHIOPHENE
4-BROMO-2-CHLOROACETANILIDE
N-(Aminothioxomethyl)acetamid
Acetazolamid
4,4'-Diacetylbiphenyl
N,N-Dibutylacetamid
5-Acetylsalicylamid
1,2-Oxathian-2,2-dioxid
4-BROMO-3-CHLOROACETANILIDE
3-Chloro-4-fluoroacetophenone
2-Oxopropiononitril
2-Hydroxy-N-methyl-N-phenylacetamid
ETHYL 3-(4-ISOBUTYLPHENYL)-3-METHYL GLYCIDATE
Acetyltropylic chloride
3-Acetylthianaphthene
4'-(Trifluoromethoxy)acetophenone
5-AMINO-3-METHYL-ISOXAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER
1-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)ethan-1-on
2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethylacetat
4-(4-CHLOROPHENOXY)-2 CHLORO PHENYL ETHANONE
2-Methyl-2-thiazoline
finishing agent for wool baylan W-G3
1-(Chlorformyl)benzylacetat
2-ACETYL-5-CHLOROTHIOPHENE
1,1'-Diacetylferrocene
5-ACETYL-2,3-DIHYDROBENZO(B)FURAN
2-Hydroxy-5-methylacetophenon
2,2,2-Trichlor-1-phenylethylacetat
5-ACETAMIDONAPHTHALENE-1-SULFONYL CHLORIDE
1-(2,4-DICHLORO-3-METHYLPHENYL)ETHANONE
1-PYRENECARBOXYLIC ACID
Formyl acetate
1,1,1-TRICHLOROACETONE
Naphthalin-1,4-dicarbonsure
Acetylcholinchlorid
2-Chlor-2-oxoethylacetat
2-ACETYL-3-BROMOTHIOPHENE
2-MERCAPTO-6-METHYLPYRIMIDIN-4-OL
4'-Phenylacetophenon
