| Identification | More | [Name]
Trometamol | [CAS]
77-86-1 | [Synonyms]
2-AMINO-2-HYDROXYMETHYL
2-AMINO-2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
2-AMINO-2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPANE-1,3-DIOL
2-AMINO-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
2-HYDROXYMETHYL-2-AMINO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
4G 1MTRIS, PH 8.0
8VTE 1L
AMINOMETHYLIDINE TRIMETHANOL
ATX TRIS BUFFER
BUFFER TRIS
MOLE-READY-TRIS BASE
SIGMA 7-9(R)
SPECTRIS(R)
SPECTRIS(TM)
THAM
TIMTEC-BB SBB006714
TRI(HYDROXYMETHYL)AMINOMETHANE
TRIMETHYLOL AMINOMETHANE
TRIS
TRISAMINE | [EINECS(EC#)]
201-064-4 | [Molecular Formula]
C4H11NO3 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00004679 | [Molecular Weight]
121.14 | [MOL File]
77-86-1.mol |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [description]
Tris, or tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, or known during medical use as tromethamine or THAM, is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2)3CNH2. It is extensively used in biochemistry and molecular biology as a component of buffer solutions such as in TAE and TBE buffers, especially for solutions of nucleic acids. It contains a primary amine and thus undergoes the reactions associated with typical amines, e.g. condensations with aldehydes. Tris also complexes with metal ions in solution. In medicine, tromethamine is occasionally used as a drug, given in intensive care for its properties as a buffer for the treatment of severe metabolic acidosis in specific circumstances. Some medications are formulated as the "tromethamine salt" including hemabate (carboprost as trometamol salt), and "ketorolac trometamol". | [Chemical Properties]
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is a white crystal or powder. The melting point of Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is 171-172℃ and the boiling point of Tris is 219-220℃/1.3kPa. It is soluble in ethanol and water, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and benzene, and insoluble in ether and carbon tetrachloride. It has a corrosive effect on copper and aluminum and has strong irritation.
| [Uses of Biology]
Tris base, also known as THAM, is widely used as a biological buffer or as a component of buffer formulations such as TAE and TBE buffers. Tris has a pKa of 8.06 and is very useful in the biology and biochemistry lab because it has buffering capabilities in the range of the typical physiological pH of most living organisms (pH 7.0-9.0). Tris has been reported to interfere with the activity of a number of enzymes, it should therefore be used carefully when studying proteins. | [Uses]
1, Tris buffer, only nucleic acids and proteins are widely used as solvents.
2, Tris is used for protein crystal growth under different pH conditions.
3, Tris buffer having a low ionic strength can be used nematode (C. elegans) is formed lamin (lamin) intermediate fibers.
4, Tris is a major component of protein electrophoresis buffer.
5, Tris for the preparation of a surfactant, a vulcanization accelerator, and some drug intermediates.
6, Tris titrated also used as standard. |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
White, crystalline solid. PH (0.1M aqueous solution)
10.6, corrosive to copper, brass, aluminum.
Solubility in water 80 g/100 cc (20C). Combustible. | [Melting point ]
167-172 °C(lit.)
| [Boiling point ]
219-220 °C10 mm Hg(lit.)
| [density ]
1,353 g/cm3 | [vapor pressure ]
0.0267 hPa (20 °C) | [refractive index ]
1.4170 (estimate) | [Fp ]
219-220°C/10mm | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
H2O: 4 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
| [form ]
crystalline
| [color ]
white
| [PH]
10.5-12.0(4 m in water, 25 °C) | [PH Range]
7 - 9 | [pka]
8.1(at 25℃) | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents. Protect from moisture. | [Water Solubility ]
550 g/L (25 ºC) | [Sensitive ]
Hygroscopic | [λmax]
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.10
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.08 | [Detection Methods]
T,NMR,MS | [Merck ]
14,9772 | [BRN ]
741883 | [InChIKey]
LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [LogP]
-2.515 (est) | [Uses]
tromethamine can help mask odor in a formulation. It is also used as a buffer, keeping product pH stable. | [CAS DataBase Reference]
77-86-1(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-(77-86-1) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
77-86-1(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi | [Risk Statements ]
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . | [Safety Statements ]
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing .
S37/39:Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection . | [WGK Germany ]
2
| [RTECS ]
TY2900000
| [F ]
3 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
IRRITANT | [HS Code ]
29221980 | [Hazardous Substances Data]
77-86-1(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 5000 mg/kg |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Originator]
Trisaminol,Bellon,France,1964 | [Application]
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is mainly required for preparation of buffers at physiological range of 7.3 to 7.5. The prepared buffers are compatible with biological fluids. It is of importance to laboratories as a standard pH solution.
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane has been used as a buffer solution for lactate dehydrogenase assay, in situ hybridization procedure and protein extraction from cells.
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is used as a buffer in biochemistry and molecular biology laboratories. It is used as a primary standard to standardize acid solutions for chemical analysis. It finds application in cell membranes to increase permeability. As an alternative to sodium bicarbonate, it used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis. It acts as a precursor for the preparation of polymers, oxazolones and oxazolidines. | [Definition]
ChEBI: Tris is a primary amino compound that is tert-butylamine in which one hydrogen attached to each methyl group is replaced by a hydroxy group. A compound widely used as a biological buffer substance in the pH range 7--9; pKa = 8.3 at 20 ℃; pKa = 7.82 at 37 ℃. It has a role as a buffer. It is a triol and a primary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a member of Htris. | [Preparation]
Tris is prepared industrially by the exhaustive condensation of nitromethane with formaldehyde under basic conditions (i.e. repeated Henry reactions) to produce the intermediate (HOCH2)3CNO2, which is subsequently hydrogenated to give the final product. | [Manufacturing Process]
Nitromethane is reacted with formaldehyde to give
tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane in an initial step. This intermediate may be
reduced by catalytic hydrogenation (US Patent 2,174,242) or by electrolytic
reduction (US Patent 2,485,982). | [Brand name]
Tham (Hospira). | [Therapeutic Function]
Antacid | [General Description]
Tris is an established basimetric standard and buffer used in biochemistry and molecular biology. It may be used by itself as a buffer or as a component of mixed buffer formulations, such as Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer, Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE) buffer, etc. It is pure, essentially stable, relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high equivalent weight. | [Biological Activity]
Commonly used laboratory reagent | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
Trizma ?base, commonly known as tris is widely used as a biological buffer or as a component of buffer formulations like- Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, Tris magnesium buffer or Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer. It enhances the membrane permeability of cell membranes. | [storage]
Store at RT | [Purification Methods]
TRIS can ordinarily be obtained in highly pure form suitable for use as an acidimetric standard. If only impure material is available, it should be crystallised from 20% EtOH, aqueous MeOH (m 171.1o) or isopropanol (m 172-173o). Dry it in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5 or CaCl2. Alternatively, it is dissolved in twice its weight of water at 55-60o, filtered, concentrated to half its volume and poured slowly, with stirring, into about twice its volume of EtOH. The crystals which separate on cooling to 3-4o are filtered off, washed with a little MeOH, air dried by suction, then finally ground and dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5. It has also been recrystallised from water, MeOH or aqueous MeOH, and vacuum dried at 80o for 2 days. [Beilstein 4 H 303, 4 III 857, 4 IV 1903.] |
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