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New insights on pentadecanoic acid with special focus on its controversial essentiality: A mini-review.

Published:10 October 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.10.008 PMID: 39395658
Vincent Ciesielski,?Philippe Legrand,?Sophie Blat,?Vincent Rioux

Abstract

Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0, PDA) is an odd and minor fatty acid that has been neglected in the literature until the last decade. Indeed, as a specific fatty acid of dairy fat, PDA was only used as a biomarker of dairy fat consumption. Lately, PDA was first correlated negatively with the incidence of metabolic syndrome disorder, then its physiological effects have been investigated as a protective fatty acid. PDA supplementation has been demonstrated as negatively correlated with elevated levels of leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and insulin, and has been shown to exhibit sensitizing insulin effects with activation of AMPK pathway. PDA also reduced the severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), notably through reduced alanine transaminase and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. The final effect described for PDA is its ability to display anti-inflammatory properties in several pathology models. Hence, considering these multiple effects, the presence of PDA could be associated with a healthier physiological state, this raises the question of whether the presence of PDA in the body, in adequate quantities, is needed to participate to health maintenance. PDA is not synthesized in sufficient quantities endogenously, so it must be provided by the diet, mainly through dairy fat, although other types of food can also contribute to the dietary intake of PDA. Essential fatty acids are described as not being endogenously synthesized in sufficient and required quantities to maintain physiological health. Thus, PDA might gather both conditions to be described as essential, yet further investigations on both criteria are needed to enhance knowledge on this odd chain fatty acid with promising impact as potential protective supplement nutrient.

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Related products
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Pentadecanoic acid 1002-84-2 C15H30O2 274 suppliers $17.00-$1008.00
PDA C6H5AsCl2 2 suppliers Inquiry

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