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Catalyst and Auxiliary

The catalyst can change the reaction rate in the chemical reaction, and the composition and the quality of the catalyst can be kept constant after the reaction. The catalyst that accelerates the reaction is called the positive catalyst, slows down called Negative Catalyst or slow agent. It said catalyst is a positive catalyst for the general correction. This kind of catalyst in the industry, especially the organic chemical industry used more, and has great significance, Such as sulfuric acid prepared by contacting, ammonia, hydrolysis of the ester and polysaccharide, Oil Hydrogenation, etc. Commonly used catalysts are mainly metal, metal oxide and inorganic acid. If the catalyst is solid, the substance of the reaction is gas, to form a multi-phase catalytic reaction, this catalyst, sometimes called catalyst or contact agent. The catalyst is generally selective, it can only make a reaction or a certain type of reaction to speed up. But some reaction can be used for a variety of catalysts, such as the hydrogenation reaction can often be platinum, palladium, nickel, should be carefully chosen. In the catalytic reaction, the catalyst is often added cocatalyst known to enhance catalytic action of the catalyst. For example, iron is a catalyst in ammonia industry, adding a small amount of potassium and aluminum can enhance the catalytic effect of iron. The composition and weight of the catalyst and cocatalyst cannot change before and after the reaction. All of the above are inorganic catalysts. The enzyme is a protein, is very important organic catalyst.

There are many kinds of catalyst, catalyst and reaction system according to the phase of the classification, there are two types of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts most widely used, there are 3 kinds of gas, liquid and solid state, the variety and application of solid catalyst. The solid catalyst, which is made of metal (nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, cobalt, titanium, vanadium, etc.) or metal oxide (copper oxide, vanadium pentoxide, lead oxide), is dispersed and deposited on the carrier in order to obtain a good dispersion effect and increase the specific surface area. The catalyst requires reliable activity, stability, selectivity, long working life, not easy to poisoning and over-burning, easy to regenerate. In order to improve the catalytic efficiency, the pure metal catalysts are made into alloy catalysts (such as nickel aluminium alloy) and composite catalysts (ZieglerNatta). The composite catalyst is composed of main catalyst and co-catalyst. In the new efficient catalysts also add other components. The production and development of high efficiency catalyst have promoted the development of polymer materials, and produced much polymer function and structure material ,which is new generation of high performance and high added value.

With the extensive application of catalyst and a number of new catalysts, we can make a lot of new chemical reactions to achieve industrialization, in order to provide an increasing number of chemical products; also can make some of the original chemical reaction conditions have been improved, in order to improve the production efficiency and product quality, make full use of resources. The important subject in the field of modern chemistry and chemical research is to select and develop more and better catalyst for the new generation. But the role of a catalyst is not beneficial to humans, such as combustion products of supersonic jet fuel as a catalyst can cause the stratosphere (10 to 50 km altitude) decomposition of ozone in the atmosphere, to the sun's ultraviolet absorption decreased, resulting in some areas of skin cancer patients increased. Is developing a new supersonic jet fuel, its combustion products will not become a catalyst,which will cause the ozone decomposition catalyst in the stratosphere.

Additives are added in the industrial and agricultural production, especially in the chemical production of some of the auxiliary chemicals, its role is to improve the production process, improve product quality and yield, or to give the product a unique application performance.

Additive are large class of important chemical in the production of auxiliary raw materials, they can give a special performance to product, improve use of finished products; and can accelerate the chemical reaction rate, improve product yield; they can save raw materials, improve processing efficiency. Additives are widely used in the chemical industry, especially organic synthesis, synthetic material processing and petroleum refining, pesticide, medicine, dye, paint and other industrial sectors. Additives can be divided into synthesized additives and processing additives. Synthetic additives are used in monomer synthesis and polymerization of a variety of auxiliary agents in resin, fiber, rubber, etc. They include catalysts, initiators, solvents, dispersants, emulsifiers, polymerization inhibitors, regulators, termination agents, etc. Processing aid refers to the auxiliary chemicals used in the manufacture of raw rubber, plastics processing, chemical fiber spinning and spinning process, including plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers , flame retardants, blowing agents, lubricants, mold release agents, curing agents, accelerators, softeners, anti-scorching agents, surfactants, oils, fillers, etc. In these additives, many of them are dangerous chemicals, Such as benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, hydrogen peroxide - ferrous blue, alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium and other initiators, catalysts are inflammable and explosive materials, should be required to "chemical Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulations", for storage, transportation, operation and use.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
NCO-PEG-NCO NCO-PEG-NCO
Alkyne-PEG-EP Alkyne-PEG-EP
Fmoc-NH-(PEG)4-OH Fmoc-NH-(PEG)4-OH
mPEG-LA(mPEG-Lipoic acid) mPEG-LA(mPEG-Lipoic acid)
Iodo acetyl-PEG-Iodo acetyl Iodo acetyl-PEG-Iodo acetyl
SH-PEG-Biotin SH-PEG-Biotin
DSPE-PEG-OH DSPE-PEG-OH 892144-24-0 C44H86NO11P
Antioxidant HP136,2(3H)-Benzofuranone,5,7-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl) Antioxidant HP136,2(3H)-Benzofuranone,5,7-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl) 164391-52-0 C24H30O2
4-((2-(2-(2-(2-(4-aminophenoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione 4-((2-(2-(2-(2-(4-aminophenoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione 1818885-63-0 C27H32N4O8
TAMRA-Azide-PEG-Desthiobiotin TAMRA-Azide-PEG-Desthiobiotin
Poly(butylene terephthalate) Poly(butylene terephthalate) 26062-94-2 C12H16O6
MPEG-PA MPEG-PA
DLPE PEG NHS DLPE PEG NHS
Stearic acid PEG NHS Stearic acid PEG NHS
Cy3 PEG NHS Cy3 PEG NHS
Progestrone PEG DSPE Progestrone PEG DSPE
Retinoic acid PEG amine Retinoic acid PEG amine
N3-PEG7-OH N3-PEG7-OH 1274892-60-2 C14H29N3O7
BENZYL ISONONYL PHTHALATE BENZYL ISONONYL PHTHALATE 126198-74-1 C24H30O4
FMOC-NH-PEG4-NH2 FMOC-NH-PEG4-NH2
mpeg-nhs mpeg-nhs
Azido-PEG12-Amine Azido-PEG12-Amine
DI-MICRO-CHLOROBIS[2-[(DIMETHYLAMINO)METHYL]PHENYL-C,N]DIPALLADIUM DI-MICRO-CHLOROBIS[2-[(DIMETHYLAMINO)METHYL]PHENYL-C,N]DIPALLADIUM 18987-59-2 C18H24Cl2N2Pd2+2
BIS(2-BUTOXYETHYL) ADIPATE BIS(2-BUTOXYETHYL) ADIPATE 141-18-4 C18H34O6
TYLOXAPOL TYLOXAPOL 25301-02-4 C17H28O3
MOLECULAR SIEVES MOLECULAR SIEVES 1327-44-2 AlKO6Si2
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOLAURATE N(=:)10 POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOLAURATE N(=:)10 31943-11-0 HO(CH2CH2O)nOC(CH2)10CH3
PVB PVB 63148-65-2 C16H28O5
Calcium bis[monoethyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxylbenzyl)phosphonate] Calcium bis[monoethyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxylbenzyl)phosphonate] 65140-91-2 C17H31CaO4P
Fluorescent Brightener 185 Fluorescent Brightener 185 2866-43-5 C18H10N2O2S
Chlorinated paraffin Chlorinated paraffin 106232-86-4 C24H44Cl6
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE (RING-D4) BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE (RING-D4) 93951-87-2 C24H38O4
Rosin Rosin 85026-55-7 C15H20O6
Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) 26062-79-3 C24H54Cl3N3X2
1,1,3-TRIS(2-METHYL-4-HYDROXY-5-TERT-BUTYLPHENYL)BUTANE 1,1,3-TRIS(2-METHYL-4-HYDROXY-5-TERT-BUTYLPHENYL)BUTANE 1843-03-4 C37H52O3
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOLAURATE DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOLAURATE 141-20-8 C16H32O4
O,O'-Dioctadecylpentaerythritol bis(phosphite) O,O'-Dioctadecylpentaerythritol bis(phosphite) 3806-34-6 C41H82O6P2
Aromatics solvent Aromatics solvent
Heat stabilizer Heat stabilizer
BENZYL 2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE BENZYL 2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE 27215-22-1 C23H28O4
Brominated polystyrene Brominated polystyrene 88497-56-7 (C10H13Br)n
Desulfurizer Desulfurizer 2ZnCO3-3ZN(OH)2-2H2O
POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) METHYL ETHER METHACRYLATE POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) METHYL ETHER METHACRYLATE 26915-72-0 C13H24O6
Chlorinated rubber Chlorinated rubber 9006-03-5 [C10H11Cl7]n
CANADIAN BALSAM, NEUTRAL CANADIAN BALSAM, NEUTRAL 8007-47-4 n.a.
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) 9002-84-0 (C2F4)x
POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL SUCCINATE) POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL SUCCINATE) 25569-53-3 (C4H6O4.C2H6O2)x
CITRIC ACID TRI-N-PROPYL ESTER CITRIC ACID TRI-N-PROPYL ESTER 1587-21-9 C15H26O7
Octaethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Octaethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether 25990-96-9 C17H36O9
SEBACIC ACID DI-N-OCTYL ESTER SEBACIC ACID DI-N-OCTYL ESTER 2432-87-3 C26H50O4
POLY(STYRENE-CO-DIVINYLBENZENE) POLY(STYRENE-CO-DIVINYLBENZENE) 9003-70-7 C26H21N2O3R
Fluorescent brightener 85 Fluorescent brightener 85 12224-06-5 C36H34N12Na2O8S2
Fluorescent brightener  135 Fluorescent brightener 135 12224-12-3 C18H14N2O2
SILANE COUPLING AGENT SILANE COUPLING AGENT H4Si
Tetraethyleneglycol monooctyl ether Tetraethyleneglycol monooctyl ether 19327-39-0 C16H34O5
DITRIDECYL PHTHALATE DITRIDECYL PHTHALATE 75359-31-8 C34H58O4
TRI-N-AMYL CITRATE TRI-N-AMYL CITRATE 70289-34-8 C21H38O7
DOWEX(R) 1X8 DOWEX(R) 1X8 12627-85-9 N/A
Antioxidant 565 Antioxidant 565 991-84-4 C33H56N4OS2
H2N-PEG-NH2 H2N-PEG-NH2 24991-53-5 C4H12N2O
GLYCOFUROL GLYCOFUROL 31692-85-0 C11H21O5R
Fluorescent Brightener 204 Fluorescent Brightener 204 76482-77-4 C32H26N12Na2O6S2
MERRIFIELD RESIN MERRIFIELD RESIN 55844-94-5 C40H32N3O3R
POLY(ALLYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE) POLY(ALLYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE) 71550-12-4 C3H8ClN
POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL SUCCINATE) POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL SUCCINATE) 37340-09-3 (CH2)2[CO2(CH2CH2O)nH]2
1,4-Benzenediamine N,N'-mixed phenyl and tolyl derivs 1,4-Benzenediamine N,N'-mixed phenyl and tolyl derivs 68953-84-4
Polyquaternium-11 Polyquaternium-11 53633-54-8 C42H72N6O9X2
Heptaethylene glycol Heptaethylene glycol 5617-32-3 C14H30O8
Polyvinyl chloride Polyvinyl chloride 9002-86-2 C2H3Cl
Polypropylene Polypropylene 9003-07-0 C22H42O3
H-GLU-LYS-OH H-GLU-LYS-OH 5891-53-2 C11H21N3O5
POLY(4-VINYLPYRIDINE) POLY(4-VINYLPYRIDINE) 9017-40-7 C17H17N
POLY(VINYL CINNAMATE) POLY(VINYL CINNAMATE) 9050-06-0 C11H12O3
2 DIESEL FUEL 2 DIESEL FUEL 68334-30-5
Fluorescent Brightener 28 Fluorescent Brightener 28 4193-55-9 C40H45N12NaO10S2
DIISOHEPTYL PHTHALATE DIISOHEPTYL PHTHALATE 41451-28-9 C22H34O4
IRGAFOS P-EPQ IRGAFOS P-EPQ 119345-01-6 C26H32Cl3OP
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-acrylic acid copolymer 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-acrylic acid copolymer 40623-75-4 C10H17NO6S
Fluorescent Brightener ER-III Fluorescent Brightener ER-III 79026-03-2 C24H16N2
Fluorescent brightener BA Fluorescent brightener BA
Ethyl 4-acetylbutyrate Ethyl 4-acetylbutyrate 13984-57-1 C8H14O3
DIUNDECYL PHTHALATE DIUNDECYL PHTHALATE 96507-86-7 C30H50O4
DOWEX(R) 1X2 DOWEX(R) 1X2 9085-42-1 N/A
GASOLINE ADDITIVES MIXTURE NO 2 GASOLINE ADDITIVES MIXTURE NO 2 86290-81-5
POLY(ETHYLENE ADIPATE) POLY(ETHYLENE ADIPATE) 24938-37-2 (C6H10O4.C2H6O2)x
AMBERLYST(R) 15 AMBERLYST(R) 15 9037-24-5 C3H7BrO
Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) 25086-89-9 C10H15NO3
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL TRIMETHYLNONYL ETHER POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL TRIMETHYLNONYL ETHER 60828-78-6 C12H26O.(C2H4O)n
POLYSTYRENE, CROSSLINKED, QUATERNARY AMMONIUM, CHLORIDE FORM POLYSTYRENE, CROSSLINKED, QUATERNARY AMMONIUM, CHLORIDE FORM 63181-94-2 C23H30ClNO
C10E5 C10E5 23244-49-7 C20H42O6
POLY(PERFLUOROPROPYLENE OXIDE) POLY(PERFLUOROPROPYLENE OXIDE) 25038-02-2 C3F6O
Chitosan Oligosaccharide Chitosan Oligosaccharide
Tetraethyleneglycol monodecyl ether Tetraethyleneglycol monodecyl ether 5703-94-6 C18H38O5
UV Absorber 384 UV Absorber 384 127519-17-9 C27H39N3O3
HEXAETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODECYL ETHER HEXAETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODECYL ETHER 5168-89-8 C22H46O7
1,3-Bis((3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methyl)benzol 1,3-Bis((3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methyl)benzol 119462-56-5 C18H16N2O4
Fluorescent Brightener 264 Fluorescent Brightener 264 68971-49-3 C40H45N12NaO22S6
Disodium 4,4'-bis[(4-anilino-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]stilbene-2,2'-disulphonate Disodium 4,4'-bis[(4-anilino-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]stilbene-2,2'-disulphonate 3426-43-5 C34H31N10NaO8S2
BRIGHTENERS BRIGHTENERS
4,4`-di(a-methylbenzyl)diphenylamine 4,4`-di(a-methylbenzyl)diphenylamine 75422-59-2 C28H27N
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