?ペンタカルボニル鉄 化學(xué)特性,用途語(yǔ),生産方法
性質(zhì)
ペンタカルボニル鉄(0)：[Fe(CO)5]．粘度の高い有毒な無(wú)色の液體．融點(diǎn)－20 ℃，沸點(diǎn)103～104 ℃．普通の有機(jī)溶媒に易溶，水に不溶．光により分解し，[Fe2(CO)9]を與える．構(gòu)造はFeのまわりに三角両すい型にCOが配位している．Fe-C0.1806 nm(軸方向)，0.1833 nm(平面內(nèi))．
種類
3種類の鉄カルボニル，[Fe(CO)5]，[Fe2(CO)9]，[Fe3(CO)12]が知られている．酸化鉄(Ⅲ)を還元して得た粉狀の鉄を高圧のCOと加熱反応させると[Fe(CO)5]が得られる．これに真空中で紫外線を照射すると[Fe2(CO)9]が生成する．[Fe3(CO)12]は [HFe(CO)4]－ をMnO2などの酸化剤で酸化して得られる．
解説
鉄に一酸化炭素が配位した錯(cuò)體。純鉄カルボニル分子としては[Fe(CO)5]，[Fe2(CO)9]，[Fe3(CO)12]があり，純鉄カルボニルイオンとしては[Fe(CO)4]2－，[Fe2(CO)8]2－，[Fe3(CO)11]2－，[Fe4(CO)13]2－がある。このほか他の配位子を含む多數(shù)の誘導(dǎo)體が知られている。［ペンタカルボニル鉄(0)］ 化學(xué)式Fe(CO)5。酸化鉄(III)を還元して得た粉狀の鉄を，一酸化炭素中，200気圧で180～200℃に加熱すると得られる。
株式會(huì)社平凡社 世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報(bào)
特徴
結(jié)晶學(xué)的分子対稱C2，三角両錘形，F(xiàn)e－C(アキシアルCO)181.1 pm，F(xiàn)e－C(エクアトリアルCO)180.1～180.4 pm
化學(xué)的特性
yellow-orange to brown liquid which
使用
To make finely divided iron, so-called carbonyl iron, which is used in the manufacture of powdered iron cores for high frequency coils used in the radio and television industry; as antiknock agent in motor fuels; as catalyst and reagent in organic reactions.
一般的な説明
A yellow to dark red liquid. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Very toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption. Flash point 5°F. Used to make other chemicals.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Ironpentacarbonyl is spontaneously flammable in air, [R. Kamo, IIT Progs. Rept. 1, p. 23(1962)]. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Organometallics, such as Ironpentacarbonyl, are reactive with many other groups. Incompatible with acids and bases. Organometallics are good reducing agents and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Often reactive with water to generate toxic or flammable gases. A brown pyrophoric powder is produced by the combination of the carbonyl with acetic acid containing greater than 5% of water.
健康ハザード
Toxicity of Ironpentacarbonyl is high via all routes of entry. Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin) and circulatory collapse may occur after exposure. Death may result. Pneumonitis and injury to the kidneys, liver, and central nervous system may also occur.
火災(zāi)危険
Ironpentacarbonyl may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Vapors may travel to ignition source and flash back. Containers may explode in the heat of fire. Evolution of carbon monoxide may create a poison hazard. Ironpentacarbonyl presents a vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. Evolves carbon monoxide on exposure to air or to light. Emits carbon monoxide when heated to decomposition. Avoid acetic acid, water, nitrogen oxide, transition metal halides, and zinc and Ironpentacarbonyl burns in air. Decomposes in acids and alkalies. Protect from light and air.
純化方法
It is a pale yellow viscous liquid which is PYROPHORIC and readily absorbed by the skin. HIGHLY TOXIC (protect from light and air). It should be purified in a vacuum line by distilling and collecting in a trap at -96o (toluene-Dry ice slush). It has been distilled at atmospheric pressure (use a very efficient fume cupboard). At 180o/atmospheric pressure it decomposes to give Fe and CO. In UV light in pet ether it forms Fe2(CO)9 (see previous entry). [Hagen et al. Inorg Chem 17 1369 1978, Ewens et al. Trans Faraday Soc 35 6811 1939.]
參考文獻(xiàn)
D. Braga, F. Grepioni, A.G. Orpen, Organometallics, 12, 1481 (1993), DOI: 10.1021/om00028a082.
?ペンタカルボニル鉄 上流と下流の製品情報(bào)
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品