天堂网亚洲,天天操天天搞,91视频高清,菠萝蜜视频在线观看入口,美女视频性感美女视频,95丝袜美女视频国产,超高清美女视频图片

Calcitonin

Calcitonin Struktur
9007-12-9
CAS-Nr.
9007-12-9
Bezeichnung:
Calcitonin
Englisch Name:
Calcitonin
Synonyma:
SALMON;C06865;calcitar;calcitrin;CALCITONIN;calcimar(salmon);thyrocalcitionin;Calcitonin USP/EP/BP;9007-12-9 Calcitonin;CALCITONIN (SALMON I)
CBNumber:
CB5127317
Summenformel:
C145H240N44O48S2
Molgewicht:
3431.85
MOL-Datei:
9007-12-9.mol

Calcitonin Eigenschaften

storage temp. 
−20°C
L?slichkeit
0.05 M acetic acid: 1 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Aggregatzustand
powder

Sicherheit

S-S?tze: 22-24/25
WGK Germany  3
RTECS-Nr. EV8000000
3-10
Giftige Stoffe Daten 9007-12-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Calcitonin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:

S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.

Beschreibung

Calcitonin has been approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and Paget's disease of the bone.Several sources are available (e.g., eel, human, salmon, and porcine). The calcitonin isolated from salmon is the preferred source, because it has greater receptor affinity and a longer half-life than the human hormone.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Calcitonin is a single-chain polypeptide composed of 32 amino acid residues having a molecular weight of approximately 3600. A cysteine disulfide bridge at the 1-7 position of the amino terminal end of the peptide is essential for biological activity; however, the entire amino acid sequence is required for optimal activity.

Verwenden

Regulator (calcium).

Indications

Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Miacalcin Nasal Spray) is a synthetic 32–amino acid polypeptide that is identical to salmon calcitonin. Salmon calcitonin is more potent than human calcitonin because of its higher affinity for the human calcitonin receptor and its slower metabolic clearance. Administration is by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection or by nasal spray. The absorption of the nasal form is slower than that of the parenteral routes.

Biosynthese

The regulation of calcitonin synthesis and release from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland is calcium dependent. Rising serum calcium is the principal stimulus responsible for calcitonin synthesis and release. Other hormones, such as glucagon, gastrin, and serotonin, also stimulate calcitonin release. Calcitonin has been isolated in tissues other than the parafollicular C cells (parathyroid, pancreas, thymus, adrenal), but it is not known whether this material is biologically active.
Secretagogues, such as gastrin and pancreozymin, may contribute significantly to the regulation of endogenous calcitonin. In fact, it has been postulated that gastrin-induced calcitonin release following meals may help regulate the postprandial calcium deposition in bone.
A calcitonin precursor has been identified within the thyroid parafollicular C cells. It is thought to function in a manner analogous to that of proPTH to facilitate intracellular transport and secretion of the hormone. The metabolic degradation of calcitonin appears to occur in both the liver and kidney.
Although blood calcitonin levels are normally low, excessive levels have been found in association with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid and more rarely carcinoid tumors of the bronchus and stomach. Serum calcitonin levels are used to screen and monitor patients who have or are suspected of having medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Biologische Funktion

In addition to its antiresorptive action via suppression of osteoclast activity, calcitonin-salmon exhibits a potent analgesic effect and has provided considerable relief to those patients suffering from the pain associated with Paget's disease and osteoporosis. This analgesic effect is a result of calcitonin-stimulated endogenous opioid release. The potency of this analgesic effect has been demonstrated to be 30- to 50-fold that of morphine in selected patients. Calcitonin is preferred over estrogen and the bisphosphonates when treatment of both osteoporosis and related bone pain is warranted.

Acquired resistance

Resistance to calcitonin-salmon can result from the development of neutralizing antibodies.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

Calcitonin (thyrocalcitonin) is a 32-amino-acid polypeptidehormone secreted by parafollicular cells of the thyroidglands in response to hypocalcemia. The entire 32-residuepeptide appears to be required for activity, because smallerfragments are totally inactive. Common structural featuresof calcitonin isolated from different species are a COOHterminalprolinamide, a disulfide bond between residues 1and 7 at the NH2 terminus, and a chain length of 32 residues.Calcitonin inhibits calcium resorption from bone, causinghypocalcemia, with parallel changes in plasma phosphateconcentration. In general, calcitonin negates the osteolyticeffects of parathyroid hormone.
The potential therapeutic uses of calcitonin are in thetreatment of hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis and otherbone disorders, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and idiopathichypercalcemia.

Mechanism of action

Calcitonin interacts with specific plasma membrane receptors within target organs to initiate biological effects. This interaction has been directly linked to the generation of cAMP via adenylyl cyclase activation.

Pharmakokinetik

Calcitonin-salmon differs structurally from human calcitonin at 16 of 32 amino acids. The pharmacological activity of these calcitonins is the same, but calcitonin-salmon is approximately 50-fold more potent on a weight basis than human calcitonin with a longer duration of action. The duration of action for calcitonin salmon is 8 to 24 hours following intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SC) administration and 0.5 to 12.0 hours following IV administration. The parenteral dose required for the treatment of osteoporosis is 100 IU/day. Initially only available by IM or SC injection, the peptide hormone calcitonin-salmon is available as a nasal spray (Miacalcin) and as a rectal suppository. A recombinant DNA form of calcitonin salmon was approved by the U.S. FDA in 2005 and is available as a nasal spray. The bioavailability of calcitonin-salmon nasal spray shows great variability (range, 0.3–30.6% of an IM dose). It is absorbed rapidly from the nasal mucosa, with peak plasma concentrations appearing 30 to 40 minutes after nasal administration, compared with 16 to 25 minutes following parental dosing. Calcitonin-salmon is readily metabolized in the kidney, with an elimination half-life calculated at 43 minutes. As a result, the intranasal dose required is 200 IU/day. Once the Miacalcin nasal pump has been activated, the bottle may be kept at room temperature until the medication is finished (2 weeks)

Clinical Use

Calcitonin therapy requires the concomitant oral administration of elemental calcium (500 mg/day). Clinical studies have shown that the combination of intranasal calcitonin salmon (200 IU/day), oral calcium supplementation (>1,000 mg/day of elemental calcium), and vitamin D (400 IU/day) has decreased the rate of new fractures by more than 75% and has improved vertebral BMD by as much as 3% annually. Calcitonin prevents the abnormal bone turnover characteristic of Paget's disease of the bone and has antiresorptive activity. In the presence of calcitonin, the osteoclast brush borders disappear, and the osteoclasts move away from the bone surface undergoing remodeling. Side effects are significantly more pronounced when calcitonin-salmon is administered by injection and can include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and flushing. Because calcitonin-salmon is protein in nature, the possibility of a systemic allergic reaction should be considered,and appropriate measures for treatment of hypersensitivity reaction should be readily available. Although calcitonin-salmon does not cross the placenta, it may pass into breast milk. Calcitonin-salmon is a possible alternative to ERT; however, only limited evidence suggests that it has efficacy in women who already have fractures.

Calcitonin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Calcitonin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb H?ndler.

Global( 61)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Nantong Guangyuan Chemicl Co,Ltd
+undefined17712220823
admin@guyunchem.com China 615 58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.
+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512
info@tianfuchem.com China 21634 55
Xi'an MC Biotech, Co., Ltd.
029-89275612 +8618991951683
mcbio_sales@163.com China 2251 58
Dideu Industries Group Limited
+86-29-89586680 +86-15129568250
1026@dideu.com China 22784 58
TargetMol Chemicals Inc.

support@targetmol.com United States 38631 58
Changyi Longchang Bio-Chemical Co., LTD
+8613256193735
info@longchangchemical.com China 988 58
Moxin Chemicals
+8617320513646
mike@molcoo.com China 9460 58
Chemwill Asia Co.,Ltd. 86-21-51086038
chemwill_asia@126.com CHINA 23912 58
Phygene 18059081430
2070812664@qq.com China 1232 58
3B Pharmachem (Wuhan) International Co.,Ltd. 821-50328103-801 18930552037
3bsc@sina.com China 15839 69

9007-12-9(Calcitonin)Verwandte Suche:


  • calcimar(salmon)
  • calcitar
  • calcitrin
  • SALMON
  • CYS-SER-ASN-LEU-SER-THR-CYS-VAL-LEU-GLY-LYS-LEU-SER-GLN-GLU-LEU-HIS-LYS-LEU-GLN-THR-TYR-PRO-ARG-THR-ASN-THR-GLY-SER-GLY-THR-PRO-NH2
  • CYS-SER-ASN-LEU-SER-THR-CYS-VAL-LEU-GLY-LYS-LEU-SER-GLN-GLU-LEU-HIS-LYS-LEU-GLN-THR-TYR-PRO-ARG-THR-ASN-THR-GLY-SER-GLY-THR-PRO-NH2 SALMON
  • CSNLSTCVLGKLSQELHKLQTYPRTNTGSGTP-NH2
  • CSNLSTCVLGKLSQELHKLQTYPRTNTGSGTP-NH2 (DISULFIDE BRIDGE: 1-7)
  • CALCITONIN (SALMON I)
  • CALCITONIN
  • H-CYS-SER-ASN-LEU-SER-THR-CYS-VAL-LEU-GLY-LYS-LEU-SER-GLN-GLU-LEU-HIS-LYS-LEU-GLN-THR-TYR-PRO-ARG-THR-ASN-THR-GLY-SER-GLY-THR-PRO-NH2
  • H-CYS-SER-ASN-LEU-SER-THR-CYS-VAL-LEU-GLY-LYS-LEU-SER-GLN-GLU-LEU-HIS-LYS-LEU-GLN-THR-TYR-PRO-ARG-THR-ASN-THR-GLY-SER-GLY-THR-PRO-NH2 (DISULFIDE BRIDGE: 1-7)
  • H-CYS-SER-ASN-LEU-SER-THR-CYS-VAL-LEU-GLY-LYS-LEU-SER-GLN-GLU-LEU-HIS-LYS-LEU-GLN-THR-TYR-PRO-ARG-THR-ASN-THR-GLY-SER-GLY-THR-PRO-NH2, (DISULFIDE BOND)
  • THYROCALCITONIN SALMON
  • thyrocalcitionin
  • C06865
  • Calcitonin USP/EP/BP
  • 9007-12-9 Calcitonin
  • Calcitonin eel acetate
  • Calcitonin eel acetate (57014-02-5 Free base)
  • 9007-12-9
  • 47931-65-1
  • C96H146O29N30S2
  • Other Protein/Peptide Hormones
  • Hormones
  • Cytokines, Growth Factors and Hormones
  • BioChemical
  • Cell Signaling and Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
Copyright 2019 ? ChemicalBook. All rights reserved