Bleidi(acetat) Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE KRISTALLE ODER WEISSES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen und Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ?tzender Rauche mitBleioxiden und Essigs?ure. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Bromaten, Phosphaten, Carbonaten und Phenolen.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: ( als Pb) 0.05 mg/m?(als TWA); Krebskategorie A3 (best?tigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 2; Keimzellmutagen Kategorie 3A; (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfen bei 20°C vernachl?ssigbar; eine bel?stigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen. M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf Blut und Zentralnervensystem mit nachfolgender h?molytischer An?mie, Nervenerkrankungen und Nierensch?den. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verz?gert ein. ?rztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf Blut, Knochenmark, Herzkreislaufsystem, Nierenund Nervensystem mit nachfolgender Blutarmut, Blutdruckanstieg, L?hmung, Nierensch?den und Verhaltens?nderungen. M?glicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen. Fruchtbarkeitssch?digend oder entwicklungssch?digend.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Beh?ltern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgf?ltig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzger?t, P2-Filter für sch?dliche Partikel.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R61:Kann das Kind im Mutterleib sch?digen.
R33:Gefahr kumulativer Wirkungen.
R48/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich: Gefahr ernster Gesundheitssch?den bei l?ngerer Exposition durch Verschlucken.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gew?ssern l?ngerfristig sch?dliche Wirkungen haben.
R62:Kann m?glicherweise die Fortpflanzungsf?higkeit beeintr?chtigen.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Beh?lter sind als gef?hrlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Beschreibung
Lead
acetate is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Lead acetate is incompatible
with bromates, phenol, chloral hydrate, sulphides, hydrogen peroxide, resorcinol,
salicylic acid, sulphites, vegetable infusions, alkalis, tannin, phosphates, citrates, chlorides,
carbonates, tartrates, and acids. Lead (II) acetate, as well as white lead, has been
used in cosmetics throughout history, though this practice has ceased in Western countries.
It is still used in men’s hair colouring. Lead (II) acetate paper is used to detect the
poisonous gas hydrogen sulphide. The gas reacts with lead (II) acetate on the moistened
test paper to form a grey precipitate of lead (II) sulphide.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Lead acetate is a white, flaky crystalline substance with a slight odor of acetic acid. Commercial grades
may be powdered granules, or brown or gray lumps.
Diacetate: Powder.
Verwenden
2 – 1 - Sweetener Like other lead (II) salts, lead (II) acetate has a sweet taste, which has led to its use as a sugar substitute throughout history. The ancient Romans, who had few sweeteners besides honey, would boil must (grape juice) in lead pots to produce a reduced sugar syrup called defrutum, concentrated again into sapa. This syrup was used to sweeten wine and to sweeten and preserve fruit. It is possible that lead(II) acetate or other lead compounds leaching into the syrup might have caused lead poisoning in anyone consuming it . Lead acetate is no longer used in the production of sweeteners in most of the world because of its recognized toxicity. Modern chemistry can easily detect it, which has all but stopped the illegal use that continued decades after legal use as a sweetener was banned .
2 – 1 - Sweetener2 – 1 – 1 - Resultant deaths
Pope Clement II died in October 1047. A toxicologic examination of his remains conducted in the mid – 20 th century confirmed centuries-old rumors that he had been poisoned with lead sugar.It is not clear if he was assassinated.
In 1787 painter Albert Christoph Dies swallowed, by accident, approximately 21 g of lead acetate. His recovery from this poison was slow and incomplete. He lived with illnesses until his death in 1822 .
Although the use of lead (II) acetate as a sweetener was already illegal at that time, composer Ludwig van Beethoven may have died of lead poisoning caused by wines adulterated with lead acetate.
Mary Seacole applied lead (II) acetate, among other remedies, against an epidemic of cholera in Panama.
Vorbereitung Methode
Lead acetate is made by dissolving lead monoxide (litharge) or lead carbonate in strong acetic acid. Several types of basic salts are formed when lead acetates are prepared from lead monoxide in dilute acetic acid or at high pH. The basic salts of lead acetate are white crystalline compounds, which are highly soluble in water and dissolve in ethyl alcohol.
Lead acetate can be made by boiling elemental lead in acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Definition
ChEBI: A lead coordination entity in which a central lead(2+) atom is coordinated to two acetate ions.
m?gliche Exposition
Lead acetate is used as a color additive in hair dyes; as a mordant in cotton dyes, in the lead
coating of metals; as a drier in paints; varnishes and pigment inks; and in medicinals, such as astringents.
Incompatibilities: A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently
with strong oxidizers, bromates, strong acids; chemically
active metals; phosphates, carbonates, phenols. Contact
with strong acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with
strong bases: ammonia, amines, cresols, isocyanates, alkylene oxides; epichlorohydrin, sulfites, resorcinol, salicylic
acid, and chloral hydrat
Versand/Shipping
UN1616 Lead acetate, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
l?uterung methode
Crystallise it twice from anhydrous acetic acid and dry it under vacuum for 24hours at 100o. The solubility in H2O is 63% (at ~20o) and 200% (at boiling point). [Beilstein 2 IV 118.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently
with strong oxidizers, bromates, strong acids; chemically
active metals; phosphates, carbonates, phenols. Contact
with strong acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with
strong bases: ammonia, amines, cresols, isocyanates, alkylene oxides; epichlorohydrin, sulfites, resorcinol, salicylic
acid, and chloral hydrate
Waste disposal
Convert to nitrate using nitric
acid; evaporate, then saturate with H2S; wash and dry
the sulfide and ship to the supplier. Consult with
environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on
acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with
EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal
Vorsichtsma?nahmen
Lead (II) acetate, as with any other lead salts, causes lead poisoning.
Bleidi(acetat) Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte