Parathion-methyl (ISO) Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSER BIS WEISSER FESTSTOFF IN VERSCHIEDENEN FORMEN.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Stickstoffoxiden, Phosphoroxiden oder Schwefeloxiden. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 0.2 mg/m?(als TWA); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine gesundheitssch?dliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Versprühen oder Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem mit nachfolgenden Kr?mpfen und Atemdepression. Cholinesterasehemmer. Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann zum Tod führen. ?rztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Cholinesterasehemmer. Kumulative Wirkung m?glich (s. AKUTE GEFAHREN/SYMPTOME).
LECKAGE
Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabh?ngigem Atemschutzger?t. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Verschüttetes Material in Beh?ltern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgf?ltig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R5:Beim Erw?rmen explosionsf?hig.
R24:Giftig bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R26/28:Sehr giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R48/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich: Gefahr ernster Gesundheitssch?den bei l?ngerer Exposition durch Verschlucken.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gew?ssern l?ngerfristig sch?dliche Wirkungen haben.
R10:Entzündlich.
R67:D?mpfe k?nnen Schl?frigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spr?der oder rissiger Haut führen.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gew?ssern l?ngerfristig sch?dliche Wirkungen haben.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R20/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R65:Gesundheitssch?dlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungensch?den verursachen.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S28:Bei Berührung mit der Haut sofort abwaschen mit viel . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Beh?lter sind als gef?hrlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ?rztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Methyl parathion is a white to yellow-brown, crystalline solid with a garlic odor.It is slightly soluble in water and has a low vapor pressure (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
Verwenden
Parathion-methyl is an derivative of Parathion (P192220), an organophosphate insecticide used on cotton, rice and fruit trees.
Definition
ChEBI: Parathion-methyl is a C-nitro compound that is 4-nitrophenol substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4. It is a synthetic organic thiophosphate compound and organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is the methyl homolog of parathion and is used as a pesticide. It is characterized as a colorless to white or tan crystalline solid that is odorless or has a pungent garlic-like odor, and exposure occurs by inhalation, ingestion, or contact.
Application
Parathion-methyl is a restricted use organophosphate sold under a number of trade names and formulations. First registered in 1954, it is used to control a variety of insect pests on food and feed crops. Methyl parathion is not used in residential settings due to its toxicity to humans, birds, and honey bees. The chemical is a restricted use pesticide with nearly 4 million pounds of active ingredient mainly used on cotton, corn, wheat, soybeans, and rice (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Methyl parathion is a white crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid solvent carrier. The commercial product is a tan liquid (xylene solution) with a pungent odor. Parathion-methyl is slightly soluble to insoluble in water. Usually with the liquid solvent Parathion-methyl is a combustible liquid. Parathion-methyl is toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Parathion-methyl is used as an insecticide.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
METHYL PARATHION is half decomposed in 8 days at 40°C. When a sample was heated in a small test tube Parathion-methyl decomposed in a few minutes, the residue exploded (Food Chem. 4(1):42. 1956).
Hazard
Explosion risk when heated. Toxicby skin absorption, inhalation, and ingestion;cholinesterase inhibitor. Use has been restricted.Questionable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Parathion-methyl is extremely toxic; the probable oral lethal dose is 5-50 mg/kg, or between 7 drops and 1 teaspoonful for a 150-lb. person. Chronic toxicity does not appear to be a major consideration.
Brandgefahr
Poisonous gases are produced in fire and when heated. Decomposition may lead to sufficient internal pressure to cause the container to rupture violently. Avoid oxidizing materials. Unstable. High temperatures (120F) cause decomposition.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Insecticide, Nematicide: A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Severely
Restricted for use in EU, as parathion-methyl. This material
is used as an insecticide on over 50 crops, primarily
cotton, but also on walnuts, corn, dried beans and almonds
and on several ornamentals. It is no longer allowed to be
used on crops consumed by children.
Handelsname
A-GRO®[C]; AI3-17292®; ATOMIC®[C];
AZOFOS®; AZOPHOS; BAMA BRAND®[C];
BAY 11405®; BAY E-601®; BLADAN M®;
CEKUMETHION®; CLEAN CROP®[C]; COTTON TOX
DUST®[C]; DALF®; DECLARE®; DEVITHION®;
DREXEL METHYL PARATHION 4E®[C]; DURHAM[C];
E 601®; EMMY®[C]; E-Z-FLO®[C]; FALL OUT®[C];
FMC NYNAMITE®[C]; FOLIDOC®; FOLIDOL-80®;
FOLIDOL M®; FOLIDOL M-40®; FOSFERNO M 50®;
GEARPHOS®; 8056HC®; KILEX PARATHION®;
ME-PARATHION®; MEPTOX®; METACID 50®;
METACIDE®; METAFOS®; METAPHOS®; METRON®;
METHYL-E 605®; METRON®; NITROX®; NITROX®
80; OLEOVOFOTOX®; PARAPEST M-50®; PENNCAP
M®; PENNCAP MLS®; QUINOPHOS®; SEIS-TRES
6-3®; SINAFID M-48®; SIXTY-THREE SPECIAL E.
C. INSECTICIDE®; TEKWAISA®; THIOPHENIT®;
THYLPAR M-50®; TOLL®; VERTAC METHYL
PARATHION TECHNISCH 80%®; WOFATOX 50 EC®
Kontakt-Allergie
A case of sensitization to
methyl-parathion was described in a female agricultural
worker with multiple sensitization.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by inhalation,
ingestion, skin contact, subcutaneous,
intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Fatal
poisoning can result from skin or eye
contact after very brief exposure to
concentrated solution. Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen. Human mutation
data reported. A cholinesterase inhibitor
type of insecticide. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
NOx, POx, and SOx.
m?gliche Exposition
A severely hazardous pesticide formulation. Alert: This material is used as an insecticide on over
50 crops, primarily cotton, and on several ornamentals
Carcinogenicity
When rats were given diets with
0, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5, and 50 ppm (0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.5, or 2 mg/kg/day
(males); 0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.7, or 3 mg/kg/day (females) for
12 months, neuronal degeneration and plasma, erythrocyte,
and brain cholinesterase inhibition occurred at 12.5 and
50 ppm .
Environmental Fate
Methyl parathion is mobile in soils and can leach into groundwater and enter surface water as runoff. The chemical breaks down though microbial degradation, aqueous photolysis, hydrolysis, and incorporation into soil organic matter; thus, it degrades rapidly in soil and water with a half-life <5 days. Photodegradation is rapid in aquatic environments with a half-life of 49 h. Bioconcentration is not expected to occur (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
Stoffwechselwegen
Parathion-methyl is a non-systemic insecticide and, where studied,
metabolism parallels that of parathion and f enitrothion. The major routes
of biotransformation involve desulfuration to the oxon analogue
(paraoxon-methyl) and hydrolysis to give dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl
phosphorothionate and 4-nitrophenol. Demethylation to give desmethylparathion-
methyl and reduction of the nitro group also occurs. As with
organophosphates, demethylation via glutathione-S-methyl transferases
in the liver and some other tissues is an important mechanism in
mammals. The major route of phase II metabolism involves conjugation
of 4-nitrophenol followed by excretion.
Versand/Shipping
UN3017 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid,
toxic, flammable, flash point not ,23C, Hazard class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3.-Flammable liquid.
UN2783 Organophosphorus pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material. UN2811 Toxic
solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required
Inkompatibilit?ten
Incompatible with oxidizers, strong
bases; heat. Mixtures with magnesium, or endrin may be
violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalies. Explosive risk
when heated above 50C. The liquid xylene solution
decomposes violently @ 120C
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Incineration (816C, 0.5 second minimum for primary combustion; 1204C, 1.0 second for secondary combustion)
with adequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities.
In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations
for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.
Must be disposed properly by following package label
directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional
EPA office
Parathion-methyl (ISO) Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
