Dichloroethyne Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
?LIGE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Bei Sto?, Reibung oder Erschütterung explosionsartige Zersetzung m?glich. Kann beim Erhitzen explodieren. Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Chlor. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln und S?uren.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 0.1 ppm (als STEL, ceiling); Krebskategorie A3 (best?tigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 2; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf Nervensystem und Nieren mit nachfolgenden Gewebesch?den, Funktionsst?rungen und Nierensch?den.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Zündquellen entfernen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische D?mpfe niedrig siedender Verbindungen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R2:Durch Schlag, Reibung, Feuer oder andere Zündquellen explosionsgef?hrlich.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R48/20:Gesundheitssch?dlich: Gefahr ernster Gesundheitssch?den bei l?ngerer Exposition durch Einatmen.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
DCA is a volatile, pyrophoric oil. It has an
unpleasant, sweetish odor. A gas above 32°C/90°F.
Verwenden
DCA is not commercially available in large quantities. It is
reportedly a by-product of the synthesis of vinylidene chloride
and is not known to be used commercially.
Vorbereitung Methode
DCA is a highly toxic, spontaneously combustible, undesired,
and noncommercial product of the dehydrochlorination
of trichloroethylene. It has resulted from exposure of
trichloroethylene vapor to Hopcalite in a closed environmental
system (submarine) and soda lime in closed circuit
(rebreathing) anesthesia machines and from exposure of
trichloroethylene liquid to caustic in degreaser tanks. It
may also be an undesired by-product during chemical processes
such as production of vinylidene chloride.
When DCA was decomposed in the presence of oxygen,
seven substanceswere found: phosgene, hexachlorobutadiene,
chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroacetyl chloride,
tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroacryloyl chloride.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Volatile oil with a disagreeable, sweetish odor. Mp: -68 to -65°C; bp: 32-34°C. Density: 1.38 g cm-3. Is not produced commercially.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Ignites or explodes upon contact with air (MCA Case History 1989 (1974)).
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Dichloroethyne is a reducing agent. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. Can ignite or explode on contact with air or if heated. Can explode if shocked. Burns in the presence of chlorine to form phosgene (Ann. Chem. 640:5(1961)).
Health Hazard
Dichloroacetylene is a neurotoxin;
it is carcinogenic in experimental
animals.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic data. Poison
by inhalation. Central nervous system
effects. Can be formed by thermal
decomposition (>70℃) from
trichloroethylene. Symptoms include a
disabling nausea and intense jaw pain.
Strong explosive when shocked or exposed
to heat or air. Can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials. When heated to
decomposition or on contact with acid or
acid fumes it emits highly toxic fumes of
Cl-. See also ACETYLENE
COMPOUNDS and CHLORINATED
HYDROCARBONS , ALIPHATIC.
m?gliche Exposition
DCA, dichloroacetylene, is not
produced commercially and is a possible decomposition
product of trichloroethylene or trichloroethane. Reported to
be a by-product of vinylidene chloride (see V:0220). Also,
a closed circuit anesthesia with trichloroethylene, heat and
moisture produced by soda-lime absorption of CO2 may
produce dichloroacetylene (DCA) along with phosgene and
carbon monoxide (CO).
Carcinogenicity
The IARC concluded that there
is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of DCA to experimental
animals based on treatment-related increases in the
incidence of adenocarcinomas of the kidney in male mice,
benign tumors of the liver and kidney, and an increased
incidence of lymphomas in rats.
Stoffwechselwegen
By the incubation of dichloroacetylene with rat liver
and kidney subcellular fractions, the formation of S-
(1,2-dichlorovinyl)glutathione (DCVG) is observed, and
N-acetyl-S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine is identified as
a urinary metabolite in rats.
Versand/Shipping
Explosive! Dichloroacetylene is cited by DOT
as “FORBIDDEN.”
Inkompatibilit?ten
An unstable explosive; heat or
shock may cause explosion. Incompatible with oxidizers
(chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates,
chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires
or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong
acids (forms poisonous gases of phosgene and hydrogen
chloride), strong bases.
Dichloroethyne Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
