| Identification | More | [Name]
LEAD(II) SULFIDE | [CAS]
1314-87-0 | [Synonyms]
GALENA
LEAD(+2)SULFIDE
LEAD(II) SULFIDE
LEAD SULFIDE
LEAD SULFIDE(II)
LEAD SULPHIDE
C.I. 77640
c.i.77640
ci77640
Lead sulfide (PbS)
leadmonosulfide
leadsulfide(pbs)
Natural lead sulfide
naturalgalena
naturalleadsulfide
p128
p37(filter)
Plumbous sulfide
plumboussulfide
Lead (II) sulfide (99.999% Pb) black powder | [EINECS(EC#)]
215-246-6 | [Molecular Formula]
PbS | [MDL Number]
MFCD00016280 | [Molecular Weight]
239.26 | [MOL File]
1314-87-0.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Lead gray in color, lead-gray streak,
metallic luster, good cubic cleavage. Mohs hardness 2.5. Soluble in strong nitric acid, in excess of hot hydrochloric acid. | [Melting point ]
1114°C | [Boiling point ]
1281°C (estimate) | [density ]
7.5 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
| [refractive index ]
3.921 | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C | [solubility ]
Soluble in strong HNO<sub>3</sub>, in excess of hot HCl | [form ]
Metallic Crystals, Powder Lump | [color ]
White | [Specific Gravity]
7.5 | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, acids, water. | [Water Solubility ]
Soluble in water (0.00086g/L) and acid. Insoluble in alcohol, and potassium hydroxide. | [Crystal Structure]
Cubic, Halite Structure - Space Group Fm3m | [Merck ]
14,5421 | [Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)]
pKsp: 27.1 | [Exposure limits]
ACGIH: TWA 0.05 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.050 mg/m3 | [InChIKey]
XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [CAS DataBase Reference]
1314-87-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Lead(II) sulfide (1314-87-0) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T,N | [Risk Statements ]
R61:May cause harm to the unborn child.
R20/22:Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed .
R33:Danger of cumulative effects.
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R62:Possible risk of impaired fertility. | [Safety Statements ]
S53:Avoid exposure-obtain special instruction before use .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet . | [RIDADR ]
UN 3077 9/PG 3
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
OG4550000
| [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
6.1(b) | [PackingGroup ]
III | [HS Code ]
2830908500 | [Hazardous Substances Data]
1314-87-0(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 i.p. in rats: 160 mg Pb/100 g (Bradley, Fredrick) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
Black to silvery powdery or crystalline solid. Sinks in water. | [Reactivity Profile]
The reaction between iodine monochloride and any of the following is vigorous: cadmium sulfide, LEAD SULFIDE(1314-87-0), silver sulfide, or zinc sulfide [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:502. 1956]. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Insoluble in water. | [Health Hazard]
INHALATION OR INGESTION: Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, constipation, apathy or irritability, vomiting, fatigue, headache, weakness metallic taste and muscle incoordination. Lead line on gums. EYES: Irritation. May cause corneal destruction. SKIN: Pain and severe burns. | [Potential Exposure]
Lead sulfide is used in ceramics, infrared radiation detectors, and semiconductors. | [Fire Hazard]
Behavior in Fire: At fire temperatures emits highly toxic and irritating sulfur oxides. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. | [Shipping]
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required. UN3288 Toxic
solids, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. | [Incompatibilities]
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, and iodine monochloride.
Sulfides react with acids to produce toxic and flammable
vapors of hydrogen sulfide. | [Description]
Lead sulfide is a silvery to black crystallinepowder. Molecular weight = 239.25; Boilingpoint =1281℃ (sublimes); Freezing/Meltingpoint= 1114℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0.Practically insoluble in water (0.000086 g/100-cc water at13℃). | [Chemical Properties]
Lead gray in color, lead-gray streak,
metallic luster, good cubic cleavage. Mohs hardness 2.5. Soluble in strong nitric acid, in excess of hot hydrochloric acid. | [Chemical Properties]
Lead(II) sulfide is a silvery to black crystalline powder.
Lead(II) sulfide can be precipitated from a solution of lead (II) salt and hydrogen sulfide.
Lead (II) sulfide has been used during many years as source of lead (Pb). The main method to obtain the lead is the smelting of PbS and then, the lead (II) oxide obtained is reduced to Pb and carbon monoxide:
2 PbS + 3 O2 → 2 PbO + 2 SO2
PbO + C → Pb + CO
Moreover, lead (II) sulfide is used as semiconductor and photoconductor due its chemical proprieties. It is also used as black pigment. In recent years, it has been used in to obtain nanoparticles to use in electronic or electric devices. | [Uses]
The size for our lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) varies between 2.5 to 8 nm and depending upon this, these QDs emit between 900-1600 nm. Our PbS QDs possess high quantum yield, sharp emission and exhibit narrow fluorescence band (full width at half maximum <100 nm), which make them suitable as light absorber or IR emitter in applications in solar cells, photodetectors and infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs). | [Uses]
Glazing earthenware. | [Uses]
Lead(II) sulfide is used as a semiconductor. Used in electronic devices and Infrared sensor. | [Definition]
galena: A mineral form of lead(II)sulphide, PbS, crystallizing in thecubic system; the chief ore of lead. Itusually occurs as grey metallic cubes,frequently in association with silver,arsenic, copper, zinc, and antimony.Important deposits occur in Australia(at Broken Hill), Germany, the USA(especially in Missouri, Kansas, andOklahoma), and the UK. | [storage]
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Lead sulfide must be stored to avoid contact withoxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates,chlorates, and nitrates) and chemically active metals (suchas potassium, sodium, magnesium, and zinc), since violentreactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool,well-ventilated area away from moisture and acids. Lead isregulated by an OSHA Standard 1910.1025. All requirements of the standard must be followed. A regulated,marked area should be established where this chemical ishandled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHAStandard 1910.1045. | [Structure and conformation]
The space lattice of PbS belongs to the cubic system, and its rock salt structure has a lattice constant
of a=0.592 nm and Pb-S=0.296 nm. |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Occurrence and Uses]
Lead sulfide occurs in nature as the mineral galena. Most lead comes from this ore. Additionally, lead sulfide has several industrial applications. It is used in infrared detectors; transistors; photoconductive cells; high temperature lubricants; and for glazing earthenware. It also is used as a catalyst in petroleum refining for removal of mercaptans from petroleum distillates.
| [Physical Properties]
Black powder or cubic crystal; refractive index 3.91; Moh’s hardness 2.5; melts at 1,118°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 852°C and 5 torr at 928°C; very slightly soluble in water (124 mg/L at 20°C); KSP 9.04x10–29 at 25°C; soluble in acids.
| [Preparation]
Lead sulfide occurs naturally as the mineral galena. It can be prepared in the laboratory as a black precipitate by passing hydrogen sulfide through a dilute acid solution of inorganic lead salt, such as lead nitrate or lead acetate:
Pb2+ + H2S → PbS + 2H+
It also is obtained by direct combination of elements by heating metallic lead with sulfur vapors.
| [Reactions]
Lead sulfide decomposes in excess concentrated hydrochloric acid liberating hydrogen sulfide and probably forming chloroplumbus acid in solution:
PbS + 4HCl → H2PbCl4 + H2S
Two types of reactions occur with nitric acid depending on the concentration of the acid. Lead sulfide dissolves in dilute nitric acid, oxidizing to elemental sulfur:
PbS + 2HNO3 → Pb(NO3)2 + S + H2
However, treatment with concentrated nitric acid yields lead(II) sulfate:
PbS + 4HNO3 → PbSO4 + 4HNO2
Lead sulfide also undergoes various oxidation reactions at elevated temperatures that occur in a reverberatory furnace, during the production of lead from galena. Sulfur dioxide and lead sulfate are formed as intermediate products. Some typical reactions are as follows:
PbS + 2O2e→PbSO4
2PbS + 3O2→2PbO + 2SO2
PbS + 2PbO→3Pb + SO2
PbS + PbSO4→2Pb + 2SO2
When roasted in an air blast furnace, basic lead sulfate, PbO•PbSO4 (also known as sublimed white lead), is formed.
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