| Identification | More | [Name]
Paraldehyde | [CAS]
123-63-7 | [Synonyms]
2,4,6-TRIMETHYL-1,3,5-TRIOXANE
ACETALDEHYDE
ACETALDEHYDE TRIMER
ACETIC ALDEHYDE
ALDEFRESH
ALDEHYDE
ALDEHYDE C2
ETHANAL
ETHYL ALDEHYDE
FEMA 2003
P-ACETALDEHYDE
PARAACETALDEHYDE
PARACETALDEHYDE
PARALDEHYDE
1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-trioxane
1,3,5-Trioxane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-
1,3,5-Trioxane,2,4,6-trimethyl-
2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,2,5-trioxane
2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxaan
2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxacyclohexane | [EINECS(EC#)]
204-639-8 | [Molecular Formula]
C6H6O2 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00036208 | [Molecular Weight]
110.11 | [MOL File]
123-63-7.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Paraldehyde is a colorless liquid. Pleasant,
sweet odor. | [Melting point ]
12 °C | [Boiling point ]
65-82 °C
| [density ]
0.994 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
| [vapor density ]
1.52 (vs air)
| [vapor pressure ]
25.89 psi ( 55 °C)
| [FEMA ]
4010 | [refractive index ]
n20/D 1.39
| [Fp ]
30 °F
| [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
120g/l | [form ]
solution
| [pka]
16(at 25℃) | [color ]
Colorless liquid | [Specific Gravity]
0.994 | [Odor]
disagreeable taste, aromatic odor | [Stability:]
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, mineral acids. | [explosive limit]
1.3-17.0%(V) | [Water Solubility ]
125 g/L (25 ºC) | [Usage]
Paraldehyde is used as solvent for fats, oils, waxes, rubber and resins; as substitute for acetaldehyde; as intermediate for organic chemicals, dyestuffs, accelerators for vulcanizations, rubber oxidants, etc. Product Data Sheet | [Merck ]
13,7098 | [BRN ]
80142 | [Dielectric constant]
14.5（20℃） | [InChIKey]
SQYNKIJPMDEDEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [LogP]
0.670 | [CAS DataBase Reference]
123-63-7(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Paraldehyde(123-63-7) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
123-63-7(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
F | [Risk Statements ]
R11:Highly Flammable. | [Safety Statements ]
S9:Keep container in a well-ventilated place .
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition-No smoking .
S29:Do not empty into drains .
S33:Take precautionary measures against static discharges . | [RIDADR ]
UN 1993 3/PG 2
| [WGK Germany ]
1
| [RTECS ]
YK0525000
| [Autoignition Temperature]
235 °C | [HazardClass ]
3.2 | [PackingGroup ]
III | [HS Code ]
29125000 | [Safety Profile]
A human poison by rectal route. Moderately toxic to humans by intramuscular route. Moderately toxic experimentally by inhalation, ingestion, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by rectal route: necrotic changes. A skin and severe eye irritant. Low doses produce hypnotic and analgesic effects. Larger doses depress the nervous system with loss of reflexes, coma, and respiratory depression leadmg to respiratory paralysis and death. Chronic effects include weight loss, muscular weakness, and mental fatigue. However, poisoning is rare. A hypnotic agent. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidzers. Slight explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Dangerous; keep away from heat and open flame. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. Potentially violent reaction with nitric acid. Incompatible with alkahes, hydrocyanic acid, iodides, oxidzers. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ALDEHYDES | [Hazardous Substances Data]
123-63-7(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in rats: 1.65 g/kg (Figot) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 96°F. Melting point 54°F. Less dense than water. Vapors are heavier than air. | [Reactivity Profile]
PARALDEHYDE(123-63-7) is an aldehyde. This compound is decomposed by light and air, on prolonged storage, to acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Incompatible with alkalis, hydrocyanic acid iodides and oxidizers. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. Decomposed by light and air, on prolonged storage, to acetaldehyde and acetic acid. | [Health Hazard]
INHALATION AND INGESTION: Irritation, headache, bronchitis, pulmonary edema. Irritating to digestive tract. Hypnotic and analgesic properties. Incoordination and drowsiness, followed by sleep. Larger doses-coma-weak pulse and shallow respiration, cyanosis-death from respiratory paralysis. EYES: irritation-can cause serious injury. SKIN: Dermatitis (skin inflammation). | [Potential Exposure]
Paraldehyde(123-63-7) is used primarily in medicine. It is used as a hypnotic agent, in delirium tremens; and in treatment of psychiatric states characterized by excitement when drugs must be given over a long period of time. It also is administered for intractable pain which does not respond to opiates and for basal and obstetrical anesthesia. It is effective against experimentally induced convulsions and has been used in emergency therapy of tetanus, eclampsia, status epilepticus; and poisoning by convulsant drugs. Since it is used primarily in medicine, the chance of accidental human exposure or environmental contamination is low. However, paraldehyde decomposes to acetaldehyde and acetic acid; these compounds have been found to be toxic. In this case, occupational exposure or environmental contamination is possible. Since paraldehyde is prepared from acetaldehyde by polymerization in the presence of an acid catalyst, there exists a potential for adverse effects, although none have been reported in the available literature. It is also used in the manufacture of organic compounds. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get
medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Medical observation is recommended for 2448 hours after
breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be
delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or
authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or
other inhalation therapy. | [Shipping]
UN1264 Paraldehyde, Hazard Class: 3; Labels:
3-Flammable liquid. | [Incompatibilities]
Vapor or liquid may form explosive
mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidants, strong
acids; alkalis, ammonia, amines, iodides, hydrocyanic acid.
Violent reaction with liquid oxygen. Contact with acids
form acetaldehyde. Attacks rubber and plastics. | [Description]
Paraldehyde was first synthesized in 1829 by Wildenbusch and
introduced into clinical practice in the United Kingdom by the
Italian physician Vincenzo Cervello in 1882. Paraldehyde,
a polymer of acetaldehyde, is a clear colorless or slightly yellow
transparent liquid with a strong aromatic as well as a disagreeable
taste that at low temperatures, it solidifies into a crystalline
mass. This agent decomposes with strong into toxic products
that may be released into water, soil, or atmosphere. | [Chemical Properties]
Paraldehyde has a characteristic aromatic odor and warm, but disagreeable burning taste. | [Waste Disposal]
Incineration in added solvent.
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance
on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste
containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform
with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation,
treatment, and waste disposal. | [Uses]
Paraldehyde is used as solvent for fats, oils, waxes, rubber and resins; as substitute for acetaldehyde; as intermediate for organic chemicals, dyestuffs, accelerators for vulcanizations, rubber oxidants, etc. Product Data Sheet | [Uses]
Reactant involved in:• ;Modified Sanford reaction1• ;Synthesis of N-arylbenzoquinaldinium derivatives with antimicrobial activity2• ;Hydroformylation of alkenylamines3• ;Studies of molecules with inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase4• ;Irregular Wittig reactions for the formation of α-hydroxyketones5 | [Definition]
ChEBI: Paraldehyde(123-63-7) is a trioxane that is 1,3,5-trioxane substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 4 and 6. It has a role as a sedative. | [Preparation]
Prepared by the polymerization of acetaldehyde catalyzed by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid at medium to high
temperatures. | [Brand name]
Paral (Forest). | [Aroma threshold values]
Recognition at 0.02 to 0.025 mg/m3 (air). | [Synthesis]
Paraldehyde, 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane (4.3.2), is a trimeric acetaldehyde which is synthesized by the acid-catalyzed polymerization of acetaldehyde and at
moderate and high temperatures [32,33]. | [Environmental Fate]
Paraldehyde is used in resin manufacture, as a preservative, and
in other processes as a solvent. Paraldehyde may enter to the
environment via industrial effluents or hospital wastes. Acetaldehyde
and acetic acid are two products of degradation of
paraldehyde. This compound and its degradation products
may be released into water, soil, or atmosphere and then they
may be removed from the atmosphere by precipitation. | [Purification Methods]
Wash paraldehyde with water and fractionally distil it. Alternatively, it is purified by drying with anhydrous Na2SO4, then cooled to 5o, and the frozen material is separated by decantation. The solid is distilled (b 121-124o/atm), the distillate is collected, stored over anhydrous Na2SO4 for several days and re-distilled at atmospheric pressure before use [Le Fevre et al. J Chem Soc 290 1950]. The 2r,4c,6t-trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane has m 14.5o, b 125o/760mm. [Beilstein 19 II 394, 19 III/IV 4715. 19/9 V 112.] |
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