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ChemicalBook CAS DataBase List BENZYLIDENEMALONONITRILE
2700-22-3

BENZYLIDENEMALONONITRILE synthesis

14synthesis methods
-

Yield:-

Reaction Conditions:

with zirconia/phosphotungstic acid composite in neat (no solvent) at 130; for 5 h;Reagent/catalyst;

Steps:

Typical Catalytic Test
General procedure: Method A: a mixture of benzaldehyde (1.3 mmol), 2-naphthol (1 mmol), malononitrile(1 mmol) and the catalyst (0.9% and 1.8% mmol active phase) was stirred at a determinedtemperature (130, 110, 100, and 80 C) for the appropriate time.Method B: a mixture of 2-benzylidenemalononitrile (1 mmol), 2-naphthol (1 mmol),and the catalyst (0.9% and 1.8% mmol active phase) was stirred at a determined temperature (130, 110, 100, and 90 C) for the appropriate time. After the reaction, thecatalyst was filtered, washed thoroughly with toluene, dried in a vacuum oven (20 C, 4 h)and reused for the next reaction, following the procedure described earlier.Method C: 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene was synthesized as previouslyreported.16The completion of the reactions was determined by thin layer chromatography onsilica gel (hexanes:ethyl acetate 4:1). The reaction mixture was cooled to 20 C, toluene(5 mL) was added, and then the mixture was stirred for 15 min and filtered to separatethe catalyst, which was subsequently washed twice with toluene (3 mL). The combinedtoluene extracts were washed twice with water (5 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4,and evaporated in vacuo. The products were separated by liquid column chromatography(silica gel 60, mixtures of hexanes/ethyl acetate 4:1 to 3:1) and recrystallizedfrom ethanol to afford the pure chromene and xanthene.

References:

Palermo, Valeria;Sosa, Alexis A.;Rivera, Toa S.;Pizzio, Luis R.;Romanelli, Gustavo P. [Organic Preparations and Procedures International,2019,vol. 51,# 5,p. 443 - 455]

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