Different examination specimens require the use of different blood collection additives
Blood is an important sample in in in vitro diagnosis, mainly composed of serum and blood clots. Serum also includes plasma, white blood cells, and platelets, and blood clots are red blood cells. According to the composition of blood, it is divided into three types of test samples: whole blood samples, serum samples, and plasma samples.

1. Whole blood sample: Whole blood sample refers to blood, which is divided into three types: venous whole blood, arterial whole blood, and capillary whole blood. Usually used for the detection of blood ammonia, blood pH, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood sugar, and other items, these items usually use blood anticoagulants such as EDTA potassium, potassium, sodium citrate, and heparin sodium to assist in related examinations.

2. Serum sample: serum is a light yellow liquid separated from blood and does not contain fibrinogen. It is suitable for clinical chemistry and clinical immunology. The main test items include thyroid function test, drug test, AIDS test, tumor marker, serum immunology analysis, etc. Obtain a serum sample and let it stand after blood sampling, waiting for the serum to naturally precipitate; Accelerator and serum separation gel can also be used to quickly extract high-quality serum samples.

3. Plasma samples: Plasma samples contain blood cells, various physiological and metabolic substances, and are commonly used for the determination of physiological and pathological chemical components in plasma. The detection items mainly include rapid biochemical tests, blood glucose tests, endocrine base measurements, thrombus and hemostasis examinations, etc. Heparin lithium and heparin sodium are commonly used as auxiliary reagents in the detection.

According to the composition of blood, serum contains plasma, so most of the items for serum testing can be replaced by plasma samples. However, when conducting cell classification or intracellular virus testing, using plasma samples is more suitable. Serum and plasma samples can detect most items such as biochemistry and immunity, while whole blood samples are suitable for blood cell testing.

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