anti-inflammatory functions of rosemary extract ursolic acid

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. Family Labiatae) is a perennial plant native of the Mediterranean area. Rosemary extracts are used routinely for cooking, preservation of foods, cosmetics, or in herbal medicine for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial applications , and for the prevention and treatment of diabetic and cardiovascular diseases . At least 30 components have been identified in essential oils, which have been shown to possess olfactory properties that influence cognitive performance including memory . Rosemary extracts contain many bioactive components including phenolic mono-terpenes (α-pinene, camphene, limonene) ,diterpenes (carnosic acid, carnosol), flavones (genkwanin, isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside), and caffeolyl derivatives (rosmarinic acid). The highest accumulation of these groups of compounds occurs in leaves and it is related to young stages of plant development. In general, rosmarinic acid is present at the highest concentration in all rosemary plant organs. Carnosic acid and carnosol are found in stems during young stages, but their concentrations decrease in the vascular system following aging. However, high levels of phenolic diterpenes and rosmarinic acid are found in flowers as a result of in situ biosynthesis and transport from other plant organs. Rosemary extracts in both aqueous and lipid medium have been shown to possess antioxidant activity, which is due to the presence of a catechol group in the aromatic ring of the phenolic terpenes, and cathecols conjugated with a carboxylic acid group in rosmarinic acid. Interestingly, rosmarinic acid is more effective as antioxidant in bulk oil whereas carnosol and carnosic acid perform better in oil-in-water emulsions. These differences in antioxidant efficacy have been attributed to interfacial partitioning of these compounds.

Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural triterpene compound found in various fruits and vegetables. There is a growing interest in UA because of its beneficial effects, which include anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-carcinogenic effects.it seems that ursolic acid is to be able to reduce fat accumulation and increase muscle mass gain when in a fed state, and to induce fat burning and preserve muscle mass when in a fasted state.

Changsha Staherb Natural ingredients Co.,ltd is a professional manufacturer of rosemay extract,with more than ten years producing experience.We have the active ingredients of  rosmarinic aicd,carnosic acid,ursolic acid,essential oil ect

Staherb natural ingredients-----professional manufacturer of magnolia bark extract,vine tea extract,myricetin,honeysuckle flower extract,eucommia leaf extract,rosemary extract,macleaya cordata extract.

Remarks:

The above information about rosemary leaf extract is from the Internet and literature for reference only.

Changsha staherb natrual ingredients co.,ltd is a professional standardized plant extract production enterprise,the products are only for enterprise customers.

Reference:

1.
Wu JW, Lee M-H, Ho C-T, Chang SS (1982) Elucidation of the chemical structures of natural antioxidants from rosemary. J Am Oil Chem Soc 59:339–345
2.
Fischer C (1992) Phenolic compounds in spices. In: Ho C-T, Lee CY, Huang M-T (eds) Phenolic compounds in food and their effects on health I: Analysis, occurrence, and chemistry, chapt 9, The American Society Symposium series 546, Washington DC, pp 118–129
3.
Nakatani N (1992) Natural antioxidants from spices. In: Huang MT, Ho C-T, Lee CY (eds) Phenolic compounds in food and their effects on health II: Antioxidants and cancer prevention, chapt 7, The American Chemical Society Symposium series 546, pp 72–86
4.
Nakatani N, Inatani R (1984) Two antioxidative diterpenes from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and a revised structure for rosmanol. Agri Biol Chem 48:2081–2085
5.
Ito N, Fukushima S, Hagiwara A, Shibata M, Ogiso T (1983) Carcinogenicity of butylated hydroxyanisole in F344 rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 70:343–352
6.
Witschi HR, Morse CC (1983) Enhancement of lung tumor formation in mice by dietary butylated hydroxyltoluene: dose-time relationships and cell kinetics. J Natl Cancer Inst 71:859–865
7.
Huang M-T, Ho C-T, Wang ZY, Ferraro T, Lou Y-R, Stauber K, Ma W, Georgiadis C, Laskin JD, Conney AH (1994) Inhibition of skin tumorigenesis by rosemary and its constituents carnosol and ursolic acid. Cancer Res 54:701–708
8.
Huang M-T, Smart RC, Wong C-Q, Conney AH (1988) Inhibitory effect of curcumin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid on tumor promotion in mouse skin by 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Cancer Res 48:5941–5946
9.
Wattenberg LW (1987) Inhibitory effects of benzyl isothiocyanate administered shortly before dimethylnitrosamine or benzo[a]pyrene on pulmonary and forestomach neoplasia in A/J mice. Carcinogenesis 8:1971–1973
10.
Deschner EE, Ruperto J, Wong G, Newmark HL (1991) Quercetin and rutin as inhibitors of azoxymethanol-induced colonic neoplasia. Carcinogenesis 12:1193–1196
11.
Ho C-T, Ferraro T, Chen Q, Rosen RT, Huang M-T (1994) Phytochemicals in teas and rosemary and their cancer-preventive properties. In: Ho CT, Osawa T, Huang M-T, Rosen RT (eds), Food phytochemicals for cancer prevention II: Teas, spices, and herbs. The American Chemical Society Symposium series 547, Washington DC, pp 2–19
12.
Singletary KW, Nelshoppen JM (1991) Inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis and in vivo formation of mammary DMBA-DNA adducts by rosemary extract. Cancer Lett 60:169–175
13.
Offord EA, Mace K, Ruffieux C, Malnoe A, Pfeifer, AMA (1995) Rosemary components inhibit benzo[a]pyrene-induced genotoxicity in human bronchial cells. Carcinogenesis 16:2057–2062
14.
Hirota H, Mori T, Yoshida M, Iriye R (1990) Suppression of tumor promoter-induced inflammation of mouse ear by ursolic acid and 4,4-dimethylcholestane derivatives. Agr Biol Chem 54:1073–1975
15.
Ohigashi H, Takmura H, Koshimizu K, Tokuda H, Ito Y (1986) Search for possible antitumor promoters by inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate Epstein-Barr virus activation; ursolic acid and oleanolic acid from an anti-inflammatory Chinese medicinal plant, Glechoma hederaceae L. Cancer Lett 30:143–151
16.
Huang M-T, Ma W, Ho C-T, Lou Y-R, Xie J-G, Conney AH (1995) Inhibitory effect of dietary rosemary on mammary and colon carcinogenesis in mice. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 36:590

Changsha Staherb Natural Ingredients Co., Ltd., 
---a good supplier of professional herb extracts
If you wanna know more about us, please feel free to contact me at:
Whatsapp: +86 13548561509
Email: staherb18@staherb.cn   info@staherb.cn   staherb09@staherb.cn   sales05@staherb.cn
Web：www.staherb.cn    www.natural-ingredient.net/
or you can send me online message if it's convenient for you.
We look forward to cooperating with you!