Abstract

Modulating the coordination structure of active center atoms of atomically dispersed metal catalysts has emerged as a critical strategy to further enhance the catalytic performance for selective hydrogenation. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of atomically dispersed cobalt catalysts supported on N, P co-doped cellulose-derived carbon (Co₁/NPC) via a mechanical activation assisted synthesis method. The introduction of P and N atoms modifies the electronic structure of Co atoms by forming Co–N_x and Co–P_x structures, enhancing their ability to dissociate H₂ and adsorb nitroarenes, thereby significantly boosting the hydrogenation activity. Consequently, the Co₁/NPC catalyst demonstrates outstanding catalytic activity for the selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, achieving 99?% conversion and selectivity with a high TOF of 507?h^?1, far outperforming the benchmark Co₁/NC (TOF of 4?h^?1) and Co_NPs/NPC catalysts (TOF of 10?h^?1). Moreover, Co₁/NPC catalysts possess exceptional stability and satisfactory universality. This study provides an efficient and practical catalyst for the production of nitroanilines via the selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes.