Introduction

Levonorgestrel, also known as the morning-after pill, is a first-line oral emergency contraceptive pill with approval from the World Health Organization to prevent pregnancy. It is FDA-approved to be used within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse or when a presumed contraceptive failure has occurred. There have been cases of off-label efficacy for up to 96 hours. It is used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or after failure of another birth control method. It works by preventing a woman's egg from fully developing. It may also prevent the attachment of the woman's egg to the wall of the uterus (womb).

Uses

Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestin, a type of hormone that mimics the action of progesterone. It is used for various reproductive health purposes. Here are some common uses of Levonorgestrel:

Emergency Contraception: Levonorgestrel is commonly used as emergency contraception by women who have experienced birth control failure or engaged in unprotected intercourse. It is often referred to as the "morning-after pill."

Limitations on Ongoing Pregnancies: Levonorgestrel will not terminate an ongoing pregnancy. It is effective in preventing pregnancy when taken within a specific timeframe after unprotected intercourse but is not intended for use as an abortion pill.

No Protection Against STDs: Levonorgestrel does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as HIV, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydia. It solely functions as a contraceptive method to prevent pregnancy.

Effectiveness and Weight Considerations: The effectiveness of Levonorgestrel may be influenced by certain factors, including the use of specific medications during the previous month. Additionally, the medication may not be as effective for women who weigh more than a certain amount, such as 164 pounds or 74 kilograms. Weight considerations may impact the absorption and distribution of the drug in the body.

Timely Use is Critical: Levonorgestrel is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. The efficacy decreases as time passes, underscoring the importance of prompt use.

Side effects

Levonorgestrel may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

heavier or lighter than usual menstrual bleeding

spotting or bleeding between menstrual periods

nausea

vomiting

diarrhea

tiredness

headache

dizziness

breast pain or tenderness

Some side effects can be severe. If you experience the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

Severe lower abdominal pain (3 to 5 weeks after taking Levonorgestrel)

Levonorgestrel may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication.