General description 

Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt is the sodium salt of docusate, a dioctyl salt and an emollient laxative with stool-softening activity. Docusate decreases surface tension and emulsification of fecal matter and allows water to penetrate and mix with stool. As a result, it softens the stool. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is an odorless colorless to white waxy solid. Sinks and mixes slowly with water. The molecular formula is c20h37nao7s. Appearance and properties: white solid. Density: 1.1. Melting point: 173-179 ° C (lit.). Flash point: 199 º C. Water solubility: 1.5 g / 100 ml (25 º C). Storage conditions: 2-8 º C. The product is surfactant, emulsifier and wetting agent.

Figure 1 the chemical structure of Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt

Application and Pharmacology

The product is surfactant, emulsifier and wetting agent. This product is an excellent emulsifier, detergent and penetrant used in the textile industry. It can be widely used for chemical cleaning of metal products and equipment. It is used for washing emulsified cutting oil, which can make metal chips settle rapidly. As a solvent descaling agent, it can remove the dirt of oil pipeline and storage tank and detect the leakage of storage tank and device.

1.Cerumenolytic Efficacy of 2.5% Sodium Bicarbonate Versus Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. In our study, we evaluated the efficacy of 2.5% sodium bicarbonate and docusate sodium in patients with complete occlusion of the ear canal from impacted cerumen, both of which were found to be effective after just a brief application (91.11 and 82.61%, respectively). This result was comparable to previous studies. The success rate for cerumen removal of sodium bicarbonate in a previous study was 95%, which was slightly higher than our study. The success rate of docusate sodium in a previous study was 82%, which was very close to our study (11). An in vitro study by Kamien et al. (12) examined the dispersion of ear wax after the application of four commonly used cerumenolytic agents. An equal amount of ear wax was mixed with 10 ml of each cerumenolytic preparation. The results showed that sodium bicarbonate and docusate sodium dispersed wax within 2 hours, whereas Cerumol containing Arachis oil and chlorobutanol was much slower, and olive oil had no cerumenolytic effect. They that sodium bicarbonate was the cheapest[1].

2.Preparation and Evaluation of Quinapyramine Sulphate-Docusate Sodium Ionic Complex Loaded Lipidic Nanoparticles and Its Scale Up Using Geometric Similarity Principle[2].

Synthesis

1. Preparation method: it is obtained by reacting Diisooctyl maleate with sodium pyrosulfite.

2. This process uses environment-friendly solid heteropoly acid as catalyst, the conversion can reach more than 96%, the catalyst is easy to recover and can be reused for 6 times. In the sulfonation reaction, naho3 is used as sulfonating agent to seal the sulfonation kettle. Reduce environmental pollution. 280kg maleic anhydride, 100kg sec octanol and 2kg sulfuric acid are successively put into the reactor, refluxed under reduced pressure, separated by water separator, and the acid value reaches 2kgkoh / g as the end point. Transfer the feed liquid into the neutralization kettle. Separate the water layer, dealcoholic distillation under reduced pressure, and stop heating when it rises to 160 ℃. Recover the alcohol. Transfer the crude ester into the sulfonation kettle. Add 1000 kg water and 312 kg NaHSO3, extract the air in the kettle, seal the sulfonation kettle, react for 6 hours under 0.1 ~ 0.25 MPa, and stand for layering. Separate water and a small amount of turbid 3 matter. Finished product packaging.

3. The preparation method is generally divided into two steps. Firstly, 2mol fatty alcohol and 1mol maleic acid (or maleic anhydride) are esterified with toluene sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid to produce maleic acid ester, then heated with sodium bisulfite aqueous solution under stirring, and the sulfonic acid group is introduced at the double bond of the ester to produce sodium dialkyl succinate sulfonate.

Safety

Ototoxicity of Intratympanic Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt and Mineral Oil in the Guinea Pig. Intratympanic Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt was found to be severely ototoxic and very irritating to the external auditory canalepithelium in the guinea pig. Its use as ear drops is therefore highly discouraged. Intratympanic mineral oil did not affect ABR thresholds, and it seemed to be as effective as cerumol at dissolving cerumen. However, of all the agents tested, water seemed to be the most effective cerumen solvent[3].

References

1.Piromchai P., Laohakittikul C. & Khunnawongkrit S. et al., "Cerumenolytic Efficacy of 2.5% Sodium Bicarbonate Versus Docusate Sodium: A Randomized, Controlled Trial," Otology & Neurotology, Vol.41, No.7(2020), pp.e842-e847.

2.Prayag K. S., Paul A. T. & Ghorui S. K. et al., "Preparation and Evaluation of Quinapyramine Sulphate-Docusate Sodium Ionic Complex Loaded Lipidic Nanoparticles and Its Scale Up Using Geometric Similarity Principle," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol.110, No.5(2021), pp.2241-2249.

3.Nader M. & Saliba I., "Ototoxicity of Intratympanic Docusate Sodium and Mineral Oil in the Guinea Pig," Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vol.146, No.3(2012), pp.455-460.