Human PD-1 / PDCD1 Protein, His Tag (MALS Verified)

分子別名（Synonym）

PDCD1,PD1,CD279,SLEB2

表達區(qū)間及表達系統(tǒng)（Source）

Human PD-1, His Tag (PD1-H5221) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 25 - Gln 167 (Accession # NP_005009.2).

Predicted N-terminus: Leu 25

蛋白結(jié)構(gòu)（Molecular Characterization）

This protein carries a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus.

The protein has a calculated MW of 16.8 kDa. The protein migrates as 33-38 kDa when calibrated against Star Ribbon Pre-stained Protein Marker under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

內(nèi)毒素（Endotoxin）

Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.

純度（Purity）

>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

制劑（Formulation）

Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4 with trehalose as protectant.

Contact us for customized product form or formulation.

重構(gòu)方法（Reconstitution）

Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.

For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.

存儲（Storage）

For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.

Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

This product is stable after storage at:

-20°C to -70°C for 24 months in lyophilized state;

-70°C for 12 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

背景（Background）

程序性細胞死亡蛋白1（PD-1）也稱為CD279和PDCD1，是一種I型膜蛋白，是T細胞調(diào)節(jié)因子CD28/CTLA-4擴展家族的成員。PDCD1在活化的T細胞、B細胞、巨噬細胞、髓細胞和胸腺細胞亞群的表面上表達。PD-1有兩個配體，PD-L1和PD-L2，它們是B7家族的成員。經(jīng)IFN-γ治療后，PD-L1在幾乎所有小鼠腫瘤細胞系上表達，包括PA1骨髓瘤、P815肥大細胞瘤和B16黑色素瘤。PD-L2的表達更受限制，并且主要由DC和一些腫瘤系表達。PD1通過抑制PI3K/AKT通路的激活和轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)，抑制T細胞增殖和相關(guān)細胞因子的產(chǎn)生，包括IL-1、IL-4、IL-10和IFN-γ。此外，PD1的共聚合通過使關(guān)鍵信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)子去磷酸化來抑制BCR介導(dǎo)的信號。在體外，用PD-L1-Ig處理抗CD3刺激的T細胞導(dǎo)致T細胞增殖和IFN-γ分泌減少。針對PD-1的單克隆抗體正在被開發(fā)用于治療癌癥，以增強免疫系統(tǒng)。