Romidepsin, also known as FK228 or depsipeptide, is potent and selective inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) which are associated with the regulation of re-expression of silenced tumor suppressor genes. It was the first HDAC inhibitor to manifest anti-tumor activity and originally isolated from a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, found in a Japanese soil sample. Romidepsin exhibits a stronger inhibition towards HDAC1 and HDAC2 enzymes (class I), removing acetyl groups from the lysine residues of N-terminal histone tails and maintaining a more open and transcriptionally active chromatin state, than HDAC4 and HDAC6 enzymes (class II). Besides HDAC inhibition, romidepsin is also able to induce cell cycle arrest, cellular differentiation, apoptosis and alteration of gene expression in adult malignancies.
Reference
Karen M VanderMolen, William McCulloch, Cedric J Pearce and Nicholas H Oberlies. Romidepsin (Istodax, NSC 630176, FR901228, FK228, depsipeptide): a natural product recently approved for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The Journal of Antibiotics 2011: 64, 525-531
Jyoti Panicker, Zhijie Li, Christine McMahon, Caroline Sizer, Kenneth Steadman, Richard Piekarz, Susan E. Bates and Carol J. Thiele. Romidepsin (FK228/depsipeptide) controls growth and induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma tumor cells. Cell Cycle 2010 9: 9, 1830-1838
