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Tyler J. Adams ; Naz F. Tumpa ; Maithili Acharya , et al. ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.,2024,2(5):704-713. DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.4c00014
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Abstract: Water-soluble dipyridinium thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (TTz) compounds are incorporated into inexpensive poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/borax films and exhibit fast (<1 s), high-contrast photochromism, photofluorochromism, and oxygen sensing. Under illumination, the films change from clear/yellow TTz2+ to purple TTz?+ and then blue TTz0. The contrast and speed of the photochromism are dependent on the polymer matrix redox properties and the concentration of TTz2+. The photoreduced films exhibit strong, near-infrared light (1000–1500 nm) absorbances in addition to visible color changes. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to establish the complex dielectric function for the TTz2+ and TTz0 states. Incorporating non-photochromic dyes yields yellow-to-green and pink-to-purple photochromism. Additionally, when illuminated, reversible photoactuation occurs, causing mechanical contraction in the TTz-embedded films. The blue film returns to its colorless state via exposure to O2, making the films able to sense oxygen and leak direction for smart packaging. These films show potential for use in self-tinting smart windows, eyeglasses, displays, erasable memory devices, fiber optic communication, and oxygen sensing.
Keywords: photochromic ; photofluorochromic ; photoactuator ; thiazolothiazole ; oxygen sensor ; sensing ; green chemistry
Purchased from AmBeed: 872-85-5 ; 80-48-8 ; 79-40-3 ; 3779-42-8
CAS No. : | 80-48-8 | MDL No. : | MFCD00008417 |
Formula : | C8H10O3S | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 186.23 | Pubchem ID : | 6645 |
Synonyms : |
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Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 8 |
Precautionary Statements: | P260-P264-P270-P272-P273-P280-P301+P312+P330-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338+P310-P333+P313-P362+P364-P405-P501 | UN#: | 3265 |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H314-H317-H401 | Packing Group: | Ⅱ |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74.3% | Stage #1: for 12 h; Reflux Stage #2: With pyridine; phosphorus pentachloride In dichloromethane at -10 - -5℃; for 2 h; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In dichloromethane; 2-methyl-propan-1-ol; acetone at 25 - 30℃; |
A glass round bottom flask was charged with 35g (51,7 mmol) of 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct- 2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 8-oxo-7-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-3-[[4-(4-pyridinyl)-2-thiazolyl]thio]-, diphenylmethyl ester, (6R,7R) and 75 mE of dichloromethane, at 25°C. To the obtained solution were added 48 mE (258,5 mmol) of methyl paratoluenesulphonate and the mixture was heated to reflux and maintained for 12 hours under reflux, then cooled to room temperature. In glass lined reactor were charged 32,3 g (155,1 mmol) of phosphorous pentachloride and 75 mE of dichloromethane. The obtained suspension was cooled to -5÷0°C and 12.3 g (155,1 mmol)of pyridine were added dropwise by maintaining the temperature at -5÷0°C, then the mixture was maintained under stifling for 15 minutes at the same temperature. To the mixture, cooled to -1 0÷-5°C, was carefully added the solution prepared in the round bottom flask, keeping the temperature between -1 0÷-5°C; the mixture thus obtained was maintained under stifling for 2 hours at the same temperature. 105 mE of isobutanol were carefully added, in about 30 minutes, by maintaining the temperature at -5°C0°C; the obtained mixture was heated at 28÷30°C and left to react at the same temperature for 3.5 hours. The mixture was concentrated under vacuum to 1/3 of its volume, diluted with 200 mE of acetone and maintained under stifling for 1 hour at 25÷30°C. 70 mE of 32percent hydrochloric acid were added, keeping the temperature in the range of 25÷30°C, and themixture was maintained under stirring overnight. The obtained suspension was filtered, the cake was washed with acetone (2 x 35 ml). The wet solid was dried under vacuum at 40°C overnight yielding 18.4 g (38,4 mmol) of 4-[2- [[(6R,7R)-7-amino-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia- 1- azabicyclo [4.2.01 oct-2-en-3-yl]thio] -4-thiazolyl] -1 -methyl pyridinium, chloride, hydrochloride (1:1:1) as a crystalline solid. Yield 74,3percent. |
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