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Nicholas O. Schneider ; Kendra Gilreath ; Daniel J. Burkett , et al. Pharmaceuticals,2024,17(5):570. DOI: 10.3390/ph17050570
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Abstract: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase which plays a center role in the phosphorylation of a wide variety of proteins, generally leading to their inactivation. As such, GSK-3 is viewed as a therapeutic target. An ever-increasing number of small organic molecule inhibitors of GSK-3 have been reported. Phenylmethylene hydantoins are known to exhibit a wide range of inhibitory activities including for GSK-3β. A family of fourteen 2-heterocycle substituted methylene hydantoins (14, 17–29) were prepared and evaluated for the inhibition of GSK-3β at 25 μM. The IC50 values of five of these compounds was determined; the two best inhibitors are 5-[(4′-chloro-2-pyridinyl)methylene]hydantoin (IC50 = 2.14 ± 0.18 μM) and 5-[(6′-bromo-2-pyridinyl)methylene]hydantoin (IC50 = 3.39 ± 0.16 μM). The computational docking of the compounds with GSK-3β (pdb 1q41) revealed poses with hydrogen bonding to the backbone at Val135. The 5-[(heteroaryl)methylene]hydantoins did not strongly inhibit other metalloenzymes, demonstrating poor inhibitory activity against matrix metalloproteinase-12 at 25 μM and against human carbonic anhydrase at 200 μM, and were not inhibitors for Staphylococcus aureus pyruvate carboxylase at concentrations >1000 μM.
Keywords: nitrogen heterocycles ; glycogen synthase kinase 3β ; computational docking
Purchased from AmBeed: 63071-13-6 ; 53547-60-7 ; 31181-90-5 ; 34160-40-2 ; 4985-92-6 ; 1121-60-4 ; 54221-96-4 ; 55589-47-4 ; 500-22-1 ; 1805434-14-3
CAS No. : | 500-22-1 | MDL No. : | MFCD00006382 |
Formula : | C6H5NO | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | C5H4N(CHO) | InChI Key : | QJZUKDFHGGYHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 107.11 | Pubchem ID : | 10371 |
Synonyms : |
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Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 3 |
Precautionary Statements: | P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P261-P264-P270-P271-P272-P273-P280-P301+P312+P330-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P312-P305+P351+P338+P310-P333+P313-P370+P378-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405-P501 | UN#: | 1989 |
Hazard Statements: | H226-H302-H315-H317-H318-H335-H412 | Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With triethylsilane; In methanol; dichloromethane; trifluoroacetic acid; | PREPARATION 8 5-Bromo-2-methyl-3-(3-pyridylmethyl)-1H-indole A solution of <strong>[1075-34-9]5-bromo-2-methyl-1H-indole</strong> (J. Chem. Soc., 1428 (1965)) (2.0 g) and 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (1.02 g) in dry dichloromethane (20 ml) was added dropwise over 10 minutes to a stirred solution of triethylsilane(3.30 g) in trifluoroacetic acid (20 ml) at 0° C. The solution was stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes and then evaporated under vacuum, keeping the temperature below 35° C. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, and the solution was washed with 2N sodium hydroxide, water and dried (MgSO4). The solution was evaporated and the residue was chromatographed on silica gel, using dichloromethane/methanol (50:1) as eluent. The product fractions were combined and evaporated, and the residue was crystallized from ether to give the title compound (2.15 g), m.p. 188°-190° C. Found: C,59.62; H,4.43; N,9.26. C15 H13 BrN2 requires: C,59.82; H,4.35; N,9.30percent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
41% | In methanol; at 75℃; for 12h;Autoclave; | A 25?ml Teflon-lined autoclave containing 6-amino-2-naphthnoic acid (370?mg, 2?mmol), 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (210?mg, 2?mmol), and methanol (20?ml) was sealed and heated at 75?°C for 12?h, and then air-cooled slowly for 24?h. The resulting yellow crystals were filtered, and washed with methanol (10?ml?×?3) to give ligand (67percent yield). Anal. Calc. for C17H12N2O2: C, 73.90; H, 4.38; N, 10.14. Found: C 74.00; H 4.30; N 10.15percent. |