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Combinatorial design of nanoparticles for pulmonary mRNA delivery and genome editing
Li, Bowen ; Manan, Rajith Singh ; Liang, Shun-Qing , et al. Nat. Biotechnol.,2023,41(10):1410-1415. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01679-x PubMed ID: 36997680
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Abstract: The expanding applications of nonviral genomic medicines in the lung remain restricted by delivery challenges. Here, leveraging a high-throughput platform, we synthesize and screen a combinatorial library of biodegradable ionizable lipids to build inhalable delivery vehicles for mRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editors. Lead lipid nanoparticles are amenable for repeated intratracheal dosing and could achieve efficient gene editing in lung epithelium, providing avenues for gene therapy of congenital lung diseases.
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CAS No. : | 34803-66-2 | MDL No. : | MFCD00006216 |
Formula : | C9H13N3 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | GZRKXKUVVPSREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 163.22 | Pubchem ID : | 94459 |
Synonyms : |
|
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P233-P260-P261-P264-P270-P271-P280-P301+P312-P302+P352-P304-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P312-P321-P330-P332+P313-P337+P313-P340-P362-P403-P403+P233-P405-P501 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H332-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | With sodium carbonate; In DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide); water; at 20℃; for 18h; | [1588] A mixture of 1-pyridin-2-ylpiperazine (24 mg, 0.15 mmol, Aldrich), N-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-chloroacetamide (48 mg, 0.20 mmol, Maybridge) and sodium carbonate (50 mg) in N,N-dimethylformamide/water (2:1, 2 mL) was shaken at room temperature for 18 hours. The resulting mixture was decanted, concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparative HPLC to provide 41 mg (75%) of the desired product. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta2.65 (t, J=4 Hz, 4H), 3.23 (s, 2H), 3.58 (t, J=4 Hz, 4H), 6.65 (t, J=5 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (t, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (m, 2H), 8.15 (d, J=5 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 9.95 (s, 1H); MS (ESI/APCI+) m/e 365 (M+H)+. |
41 mg (75%) | With sodium carbonate; In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; | EXAMPLE 189 2-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamide A mixture of 1-pyridin-2-ylpiperazine (24 mg, 0.15 mmol, Aldrich), N-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-chloroacetamide (48 mg, 0.20 mmol, Maybridge) and sodium carbonate (50 mg) in N,N-dimethylformamide/water (2:1, 2 mL) was shaken at room temperature for 18 hours. The resulting mixture was decanted, concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparative HPLC to provide 41 mg (75%) of the desired product. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta2.65 (t, J=4 Hz, 4H), 3.23 (s, 2H), 3.58 (t, J=4 Hz, 4H), 6.65 (t, J=5 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (t, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (m, 2H), 8.15 (d, J=5 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 9.95 (s, 1H); MS (ESI/APCI+) m/e 365 (M+H)+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; for 20h;Combinatorial reaction / High throughput screening (HTS); | Each resin from Step 3 was distributed into 24 fritted syringes (Torvig, 50 mg each, 50 mumol), for a total of 96 syringes, and was swelled in NMP (1 mL) for 30 min. The solvent was removed by filtration. Twenty-four solutions of the building blocks listed below (10 mmol each) and DIBA (3.5 mL, 20 mmol) in NMP (10 mL) were prepared. 3 mL of the 24 solutions was added to the 24 syringes for each resin from Step 3, accordingly. The suspensions were then shaken for 20 h on a Titer Plate Shaker. The reaction mixture was filtered and washed 5 times with methylene chloride (5 mL), 3 times with THF (5 mL), 3 times THF/H2O (3/1 v/v, 5 mL), and 3 times with THF (5 mL). The resins were then dried overnight under vacuum. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; for 20h;Combinatorial reaction / High throughput screening (HTS); | Each resin from Step 3 was distributed into 24 fritted syringes (Torvig, 50 mg each, 50 mumol), for a total of 96 syringes, and was swelled in NMP (1 mL) for 30 min. The solvent was removed by filtration. Twenty-four solutions of the building blocks listed below (10 mmol each) and DIBA (3.5 mL, 20 mmol) in NMP (10 mL) were prepared. 3 mL of the 24 solutions was added to the 24 syringes for each resin from Step 3, accordingly. The suspensions were then shaken for 20 h on a Titer Plate Shaker. The reaction mixture was filtered and washed 5 times with methylene chloride (5 mL), 3 times with THF (5 mL), 3 times THF/H2O (3/1 v/v, 5 mL), and 3 times with THF (5 mL). The resins were then dried overnight under vacuum. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; for 20h;Combinatorial reaction / High throughput screening (HTS); | Each resin from Step 3 was distributed into 24 fritted syringes (Torvig, 50 mg each, 50 mumol), for a total of 96 syringes, and was swelled in NMP (1 mL) for 30 min. The solvent was removed by filtration. Twenty-four solutions of the building blocks listed below (10 mmol each) and DIBA (3.5 mL, 20 mmol) in NMP (10 mL) were prepared. 3 mL of the 24 solutions was added to the 24 syringes for each resin from Step 3, accordingly. The suspensions were then shaken for 20 h on a Titer Plate Shaker. The reaction mixture was filtered and washed 5 times with methylene chloride (5 mL), 3 times with THF (5 mL), 3 times THF/H2O (3/1 v/v, 5 mL), and 3 times with THF (5 mL). The resins were then dried overnight under vacuum. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; for 20h;Combinatorial reaction / High throughput screening (HTS); | Each resin from Step 3 was distributed into 24 fritted syringes (Torvig, 50 mg each, 50 mumol), for a total of 96 syringes, and was swelled in NMP (1 mL) for 30 min. The solvent was removed by filtration. Twenty-four solutions of the building blocks listed below (10 mmol each) and DIBA (3.5 mL, 20 mmol) in NMP (10 mL) were prepared. 3 mL of the 24 solutions was added to the 24 syringes for each resin from Step 3, accordingly. The suspensions were then shaken for 20 h on a Titer Plate Shaker. The reaction mixture was filtered and washed 5 times with methylene chloride (5 mL), 3 times with THF (5 mL), 3 times THF/H2O (3/1 v/v, 5 mL), and 3 times with THF (5 mL). The resins were then dried overnight under vacuum. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
60.8% | With potassium carbonate; In acetonitrile; at 60 - 65℃;Inert atmosphere; | General procedure: To a mixture of the corresponding secondary amines 4a?4k(0.6 mmol), anhydrous K2CO3 (89.7 mg, 0.65 mmol) in anhydrousCH3CN (7 mL) were added the appropriate intermediates 10?13(0.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was warmed to 60?65 C andstirred for 6?10 h under an argon atmosphere. After complete reaction,the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residuewas dissolved in water (30 mL) and the mixture was extractedwith dichloromethane (20 mL 3). The combined organic phaseswere washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (30 mL),dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was evaporatedto dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on asilica gel chromatography using mixtures of dichloromethane/acetone(30:1) as eluent to afford the corresponding 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoline-O-alkylamine derivatives TM1?TM31. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | In methanol; at 20℃; for 12h; | General procedure: Lactone (1 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) wasstirred, treated with a solution of piperazine (1 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL), and left at room temperature. The course of thereaction was monitored by TLC. If the product did not precipitate, the solvent was evaporated in vacuo after the reaction wascomplete. The residue was recrystallized from a suitable solvent (usually C6H6-hexane mixtures). Compounds 5a-e, 6a-d,and 7a,d,e were prepared by this method. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
55% | With caesium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 55℃; for 17h; | l-(Pyridin-2-yl)piperazine (1.64 g, 1.53 ml, 10.1 mmol), <strong>[19745-07-4]2,5-dichloropyrazine</strong> (1.5 g, 10.1 mmol) and CS2CO3 (5.25 g, 16.1 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (40 ml). The solution was stirred 17 h at 55 C. The solution was diluted with H20, then extracted with DCM (4 x) The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgS04, filtered and con centrated under vacuum. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography (DCM to DCM/0.6%MeOH) to yield 2-chloro-5-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrazine (1.57 g, 55%). Light yellow solid. LC-MS: m/z = 276.l.[M+H]+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | In isopropyl alcohol; for 5h;Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | General procedure: Corresponding 2-(aryloxymethyl)oxiranes (5 mmol, 1 equiv) and amines (7.5 mmol, 1.5 equiv) were dissolved in 30 mL i-PrOH. The reaction was purged with argon 3 times and stirred at reflux for 5 h, andthen the mixture was cooled to room temperature and added AcOEt.After washing with brine 3 times, the organic layer was dried overanhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. Purification ofthe crude residue by column chromatography on silica gel yielded target compounds. |
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