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Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Polar Fluids
Calum Gibb ; Jordan Hobbs ; Diana Nikolova , et al. arXiv,2024,7305.
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Abstract: Spontaneous symmetry breaking and emergent polar order are each of fundamental importance to a range of scientific disciplines, as well as generating rich phase behaviour in liquid crystals (LCs). Here, we show the union of these phenomena to lead to two previously undiscovered polar liquid states of matter. Both phases have a lamellar structure with an inherent polar ordering of their constituent molecules. The first of these phases is characterised by polar order and a local tilted structure; the tilt direction precesses about a helix orthogonal to the layer normal, the period of which is such that we observe selective reflection of light. The second new phase type is anti-ferroelectric, with the constituent molecules aligning orthogonally to the layer normal. This has led us to term the phases the SmC_P^H and SmAAF phases, respectively. Further to this, we obtain room temperature ferroelectric nematic (NF) and SmC_P^Hphases via binary mixture formulation of the novel materials described here with a standard NF compound (DIO), with the resultant materials having melting points (and/or glass transitions) which are significantly below ambient temperature.
Purchased from AmBeed: 269409-70-3 ; 511540-64-0
CAS No. : | 269409-70-3 | MDL No. : | MFCD02093756 |
Formula : | C12H17BO3 | Boiling Point : | No data available |
Linear Structure Formula : | (C3H6O)2BC6H4OH | InChI Key : | BICZJRAGTCRORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 220.07 | Pubchem ID : | 2734624 |
Synonyms : |
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Chemical Name : | 4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
53% | at 80℃; Sealed tube | In a sealed tube was added 2-hydroxy-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (300 mg, 1.357 mmol), sodium chlorodifluoroacetate (320 mg, 2.036 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL). This suspension was heated to 80°C and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled down to rt, diluted with EtOAc, washed with an aqueous solution of NaHC03 and brine. The organic layer dried over MgS04, filtered and evaporated. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2/MeOH, 95/5) gave the title compound (197 mg, 53percent yield). MS: 272.8 [M+H]+, Rt (6) = 3.12 min. |
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