Abstract: Nonaqueous flow batteries hold promise given their high cell voltage and energy density, but their performance is often plagued by the crossover of redox compounds. In this study, we used permselective lithium superionic conducting (LiSICON) ceramic membranes to enable reliable long-term use of organic redox molecules in nonaqueous flow cells. With different solvents on each side, enhanced cell voltages were obtained for a flow battery using viologen-based negolyte and TEMPO-based posolyte molecules. The thermoplastic assembly of the LiSICON membrane realized leakless cell sealing, thus overcoming the mechanical brittleness challenge. As a result, stable cycling was achieved in the flow cells, which showed good capacity retention over an extended test time.
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4-thienylacetyl-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-yloxyl[ No CAS ]
Yield
Reaction Conditions
Operation in experiment
73.3%
With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at -10 - 20℃;Inert atmosphere;
The monomer TATEMPO was synthesized according to the procedures shown in Scheme 1. A round-bottom flask was filled with 2-(thiophene-3-yl)acetic acid (1.79 g), 4-amino-TEMPO (2.15 g), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyllaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCl) (2.40 g) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)(1.53 g).Dichloromethane (50mL) was then added. Subsequently, the content of the flask was stirred at-10C under nitrogen atmosphere. Then triethylamine (Et3N) (1.26g) was added dropwise to the above mixture. After addition, the mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction product was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and saturated sodium carbonate respectively three times and the organic layer dried over sodium sulfate. The resulting product TATEMPO was obtained by column chromatography on silica gel in 73.3% yield.
Chemistry
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