REVIEW Stavudine is a dideoxynucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor active against HIV. It is phosphorylated by cellular kinases into active triphosphate, which inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, both by competing with the natural substrate thymidine triphosphate and by its incorporation into viral DNA, resulting in termination of DNA replication.
REFERENCES
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Herdewijn, Piet; Balzarini, Jan; De Clercq, Erik; Pauwels, Rudi; Baba, Masanori; Broder, Samuel; Vanderhaeghe, Hubert 3'-Substituted 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogs as potential anti-HIV (HTLV-III/LAV) agents Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1987), 30(8), 1270-8.
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Lin, Taishun; Prusoff, William H Preparation of and pharmaceutical composition comprising 3'-deoxythymidin-2'-ene (3'-deoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine) in treating patients infected with retrovirus Eur. Pat. Appl. (1988), EP 273277 A2 19880706.
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Skonezny, Paul M.; Eisenreich, Emerich; Stark, Derron R.; Boyhan, Brenda T.; Baker, Stephen R. Process for bulk-scale preparation of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-dideoxythymidine U.S. (1996), US 5539099 A 19960723.
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Martin JC, Hitchcock MJ, Fridland A, Ghazzouli I, Kaul S, Dunkle LM, Sterzycki RZ, Mansuri MM. Comparative studies of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (D4T) with other pyrimidine nucleoside analogues. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;616:22-8.
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