Benzoic acid, with the chemical formula C?H?COOH, is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid that has been known and utilized for over a century. It is characterized by its carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a benzene ring, making it an essential compound in both industrial and laboratory applications.

The discovery of benzoic acid dates back to the late 19th century. It was first isolated by the German chemist Hermann Kolbe in 1861, who obtained it from the distillation of benzoic resins. These resins, which are derived from various plants, contain benzoic acid as a major component. The compound was recognized for its distinct crystalline structure and acidic properties, which led to its further study and utilization.

Benzoic acid has a wide range of applications in various fields. In the chemical industry, it serves as a precursor for the synthesis of numerous derivatives, including benzoates, which are used as preservatives and flavoring agents. For example, sodium benzoate, the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is commonly used as a food preservative due to its ability to inhibit microbial growth. This property makes benzoic acid valuable in the food and beverage industry, where it helps extend the shelf life of products.

In the pharmaceutical industry, benzoic acid is used as a starting material for the synthesis of various medicinal compounds. It is involved in the preparation of benzoyl peroxide, which is widely used in acne treatments due to its antibacterial properties. Additionally, benzoic acid derivatives are utilized in the development of anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications.

Benzoic acid also finds applications in the production of dyes and perfumes. Its derivatives are used as intermediates in the synthesis of azo dyes, which are important in the textile industry for coloring fabrics. In the fragrance industry, benzoic acid is used to produce esters that contribute to the aroma of perfumes and personal care products.

Overall, benzoic acid's versatility and its role as a precursor in the synthesis of various compounds make it a fundamental chemical in both industrial and laboratory settings.

Brand: sorawin

EC Number: 200-077-2

CAS No.:   51-05-8

Molecular Formula: C13H20N2O2.ClH

Density: 1.1761 (rough estimate)

Melting point: 155-156°C(lit.)

Boiling point: 195-196°C 17mm

Flash point: 195-196°C/17mm