3-Hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl oleate is an ester compound formed by the reaction of oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid, with trimethylolpropane, a polyol. The structure of this compound features an oleate group (derived from oleic acid) attached to a trimethylolpropane backbone, which has three hydroxyl (–OH) groups.

Chemical Information:

• Chemical Formula: C20H38O5 (This formula may vary slightly depending on the exact substitution pattern and the specific isomer.)

• Molecular Weight: Approximately 358.52 g/mol

• CAS Number: 57675-44-2

• Appearance: Typically, a clear to pale yellow, viscous liquid.

Properties:

• Hydroxyl Functionality: The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups (–OH) makes the compound reactive, particularly in forming further ester or ether bonds.

• Hydrophobicity: The long alkyl chain of the oleate group gives the compound hydrophobic properties, making it more soluble in oils and non-polar solvents than in water.

• Stability: Generally stable under normal conditions, though sensitive to oxidation due to the presence of unsaturation in the oleate group.

Applications:

1. Polymer and Resin Manufacturing:

• Alkyd Resins: Used as a building block in the production of alkyd resins, which are used in coatings, paints, and varnishes. The hydroxyl groups enable cross-linking, contributing to the hardness and durability of the final product.

• Polyurethane Resins: Acts as a polyol component in the synthesis of polyurethanes, which are used in flexible and rigid foams, elastomers, and coatings.

2. Lubricants:

• Synthetic Lubricants: The compound's structure allows it to be used in the formulation of synthetic lubricants and greases, particularly where a balance of hydrophobicity and functional group reactivity is needed.

• Metalworking Fluids: Used in metalworking fluids to enhance lubrication and provide protective film formation on metal surfaces.

3. Cosmetics and Personal Care:

• Emollients: The compound can be used as an emollient in personal care products such as lotions, creams, and conditioners. Its fatty acid moiety provides a soft, smooth texture, while the hydroxyl groups contribute to skin hydration.

• Conditioning Agents: In hair care products, it may act as a conditioning agent, providing a moisturizing effect and improving the manageability of hair.

4. Plasticizers:

• Plastic Manufacturing: Used as a plasticizer in the production of flexible plastics, helping to improve flexibility, durability, and resistance to cracking.

5. Surface Coatings:

• Coating Additives: Added to coatings to improve flow, leveling, and surface characteristics. The compound's hydroxyl groups can participate in curing reactions, enhancing the performance of the coating.

Safety and Handling:

• Toxicity: Generally considered to have low toxicity, but safety data specific to this compound should be consulted for detailed handling instructions.

• Handling Precautions: As with many chemicals, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety glasses should be used when handling this compound.

Environmental Impact:

• Biodegradability: Likely to be biodegradable, given its fatty acid content, though specific data may vary.

Overall, 3-Hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl oleate is a multifunctional compound used primarily in industrial applications where its hydroxyl functionality and hydrophobic oleate chain can be leveraged to enhance the properties of resins, lubricants, and personal care products.