Epinephrine, also known as pararenin and pararenine, is extracted from the adrenal medulla of domestic animals (cattle and sheep) or synthesized by artificial methods. It is a white or almost white crystalline powder, which has no effect on the growth of animals α、β Both receptors have excitatory effects. Adrenaline is a hormone secreted by chromaffin cells in adrenal medulla. It is mainly involved in the regulation of sympathetic nervous system. When its secretion increases, cardiac activity increases, heart rate increases, cardiac output increases and blood pressure increases; Liver glycogen is decomposed into glucose to increase blood glucose, and fat decomposition accelerates metabolism; Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, etc. The activity of sympathetic nervous system is obviously enhanced when the environment changes rapidly, strenuous exercise, tension, fear, cold, massive blood loss, etc. at the same time, the secretion of adrenal medulla is also increased, and the content of adrenaline in the body is increased（ α、β Adrenergic receptor (AR) causes a series of changes in body activity and metabolism. When the sympathetic nerve is excited, 80% of the hormones secreted by adrenal medulla are epinephrine and 20% norepinephrine.

1. Effect on heart

2. Effect on blood vessels

3. High blood pressure

4. Effect on smooth muscle