| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
CALCIUM CYANIDE | [CAS]
592-01-8 | [Synonyms]
calcid
ca(cn)2
calcyan
cyanogas
calcyanide
caswellno142
Ca(CN)2.NaCl
Calciumcyanid
CALCIUM CYANIDE
cyanideofcalcium
cyanuredecalcium
Calcium dicyanide
rcrawastenumberp021
calciumcyanide(ca(cn)2)
CALCIUM CYANIDE, SOLID)
CALCIUM CYANIDE(MIN 62%)
cyanuredecalcium(french)
Calcium cyanide (mixture)
Calcium cyanide Tech. Grade
hydrocyanicacid,calciumsalt
epapesticidechemicalcode074001
Calcium cyanide mixture, solid
degeschcalciumcyanidea-dust[qr] | [EINECS(EC#)]
209-740-0 | [Molecular Formula]
C2CaN2 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00049398 | [MOL File]
592-01-8.mol | [Molecular Weight]
92.11 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Description]
Calcium cyanide is used mainly for the extraction or cyanidation of gold and silver ores. It is
also used in the production of prussiates or ferrocyanides, in the froth flotation of minerals,
in processes where gold complexes are adsorbed on carbon, in the manufacture of stainless
steel, as a fumigant and rodenticide, and as a cement stabiliser. The main users of cyanides
are the steel, electroplating, mining, and chemical industries. The principal cyanide compounds
used in industrial operations are potassium and sodium cyanide and calcium cyanide,
particularly in metal leaching operations. Cyanides have been well established in uses
as insecticides and fumigants; in the extraction of gold and silver ores; in metal cleaning; in the manufacture of synthetic fibres, various plastics, dyes, pigments, and nylon; and as
reagents in analytical chemistry. Calcium cyanide decomposes on heating above 350°C,
producing toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and HCN. It reacts violently with water,
moist air, carbon dioxide, acids, and acid salts producing highly toxic and flammable HCN.
It reacts violently when heated with oxidising substances causing fire and explosion hazard. | [Appearance]
Calcium cyanide is a white crystalline solid or
powder. Odor of hydrogen cyanide. | [Melting point ]
640 estimated [KIR78] | [density ]
1.8 g/cm3 | [solubility ]
soluble in H2O, ethanol | [form ]
white rhombohedral crystals | [color ]
white rhomb crystals, crystalline; hygroscopic | [Water Solubility ]
soluble H2O, gradually releasing HCN [MER06] | [Exposure limits]
TLV-TWA (measured as CN) skin 5 mg(CN)/ m3 (ACGIH); 5 mg(CN)/m3/10-min ceiling (NIOSH). | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Calcium cyanide (592-01-8) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
Calcium cyanide is a white crystalline solid or
powder. Odor of hydrogen cyanide. | [Uses]
Fumigant; rodenticide; in stainless-steel manufacture; in leaching ores of precious metals; stabilizer for cement. | [General Description]
White crystals or powder or gray-black powder (technical grade). Toxic by skin absorption through open wounds, by ingestion, and by inhalation. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Water soluble with evolution of some hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gas. Release of gas is much more rapid if acid is present. | [Reactivity Profile]
CALCIUM CYANIDE gives weakly acidic solutions. Contact with acids causes rapid evolution of hydrogen cyanide. Incompatible with isocyanates, nitrides, and peroxides. May react rapidly with oxidizing agents. | [Health Hazard]
Inhalation or ingestion causes headache, nausea, vomiting and weakness; high concentrations are rapidly fatal. | [Fire Hazard]
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Decomposes in fire to give very toxic gases, including hydrogen cyanide. | [Hazard]
Toxic by ingestion and skin absorption.
| [Potential Exposure]
Calcium cyanide is used as a fumigant; as a rodenticide; in leaching precious metal ores; in
the manufacture of stainless steel; and as a stabilizer forcement. Used as raw material for production of nitrogenous
compounds and in treatment of alcoholism | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Do
not allow water to enter nose or mouth. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove
contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and
water. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from
exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped
and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a
medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed,
get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and
induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person
vomit. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to
48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema
may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor
or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug
or other inhalation therapy. Use amyl nitrate capsules if
symptoms of cyanide poisoning develop. All area employees should be trained regularly in emergency measures for
cyanide poisoning and in CPR. A cyanide antidote kit
should be kept in the immediate work area and must be
rapidly available. Kit ingredients should be replaced every
12 years to ensure freshness. Persons trained in the use of
this kit; oxygen use, and CPR, must be quickly available | [Shipping]
UN1575 Calcium cyanide, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials | [Incompatibilities]
Contact with water, acids, acidic salts;
moist air, or carbon dioxide, forms highly toxic and flammable
hydrogen cyanide. Incompatible with fluorine, magnesium.
Reacts violently when heated with nitrites, nitrates, chlorates,
and perchlorates. Calcium cyanide decomposes in high heat
forming hydrogen cyanide and nitrous oxides fumes | [Waste Disposal]
Add cyanide waste to strong
alkaline sodium hypochlorite. Let stand 24 hours then flush
to sewage plant. | [Production Methods]
Calcium cyanide is made commercially from lime, calcium
oxide, coke, and nitrogen. The reactions are carried out in an
electric furnace. The resulting melt is cooled rapidly to
prevent reversion to calcium cyanamide. The product is
marketed in the form of flakes, which are dark gray because
of the presence of carbon. The extraction or cyanidation of
precious-metal ores was the first and is still the largest use for
calcium cyanide. | [storage]
Calcium cyanide is stored in tight containers free from moisture. Proper ventilation and protective equipment should be used while handling the solid or while preparing an aqueous solution. It is shipped in mild-steel or fiber drums. |
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