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Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly identified endogenous lipids regulated by fasting and high-fat feeding and associated with insulin sensitivity in mice.1 Structurally, these esters are comprised of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) linked to either a C-16 or C-18 hydroxy substituent. 9-POHSA is a FAHFA consisting of palmitoleic acid esterified at the 9-position of hydroxy stearic acid. The levels of POHSA are significantly elevated in serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, which overexpress the Glut4 glucose transporter specifically in adipose tissue.1 As other FAHFAs improve glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and have anti-inflammatory effects, 9-POHSA may be a bioactive lipid with roles in metabolic syndrome and inflammation.1 | [Definition]
ChEBI: 9-[(9Z)-hexadecenoyloxy]octadecanoic acid is a fatty acid ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (9Z)-hexadecenoic acid with the hydroxy group of 9-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid. It is a fatty acid ester and a monocarboxylic acid. It is functionally related to a 9-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid and a palmitoleic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 9-[(9Z)-hexadecenoyloxy]octadecanoate. | [References]
1. Yore, M.M., Syed, I., Moraes-Vieira, P.M., et al. Discovery of a class of endogenous mammalian lipids with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects Cell 159(2),318-332(2014). |
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